Table 1.

Accuracy estimates from subgroup analyses

Targeted study characteristic	No. of studies	No. of patients	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	AUC (95% CI)	PLR (95% CI)	NLR (95% CI)	DOR
Overall studies	34	3,332	0.72 (0.65–0.78)	0.95 (0.93–0.97)	0.94 (0.92–0.96)	15.3 (10.6–22.1)	0.29 (0.23–0.38)	52 (31–86)
Type of arthroplasty
Total hip arthroplasty	21	2,134	0.70 (0.59–0.79)	0.94 (0.91–0.96)	0.94 (0.91–0.95)	11.3 (7.7–16.7)	0.32 (0.23–0.45)	35 (19–66)
Total knee arthroplasty	4	332	0.78 (0.60–0.90)	0.96 (0.70–1.00)	0.90 (0.88–0.93)	21.9 (1.8–262.1)	0.22 (0.11–0.47)	97 (5–2010)
Publication year
<2002	17	1,613	0.74 (0.60–0.84)	0.95 (0.93–0.96)	0.96 (0.93–0.97)	14.3 (9.7–21.1)	0.28 (0.18–0.44)	51 (25–104)
≥2002	17	1,719	0.71 (0.63–0.78)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.90 (0.87–0.92)	17.1 (8.2–35.8)	0.30 (0.23–0.40)	56 (23–136)
Geographical location
United States	10	1,264	0.73 (0.57–0.85)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.96 (0.93–0.97)	19.2 (9.5–38.6)	0.28 (0.17–0.47)	69 (26–178)
Europe	20	1,776	0.73 (0.65–0.80)	0.95 (0.92–0.97)	0.93 (0.91–0.95)	15.1 (9.0–25.6)	0.28 (0.21–0.37)	54 (27–108)
No. of patients
<100	21	1,261	0.70 (0.59–0.79)	0.95 (0.92–0.97)	0.94 (0.91–0.95)	14.7 (8.5–25.5)	0.31 (0.22–0.45)	47 (21–102)
≥100	13	2,071	0.76 (0.67–0.83)	0.95 (0.92–0.97)	0.95 (0.92–0.96)	15.9 (10.1–25.0)	0.26 (0.19–0.35)	62 (36–107)
Study design
Prospective	13	1,285	0.69 (0.58–0.78)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.93 (0.90–0.95)	15.8 (8.6–28.9)	0.33 (0.23–0.45)	49 (23–104)
Retrospective	15	1,421	0.71 (0.56–0.83)	0.96 (0.92–0.98)	0.95 (0.93–0.97)	17.6 (8.7–35.6)	0.30 (0.19–0.49)	58 (21–161)
Patients enrollment
Consecutive	11	1,356	0.71 (0.52–0.85)	0.94 (0.91–0.96)	0.95 (0.92–0.96)	11.6 (7.3–18.6)	0.31 (0.17–0.55)	38 (15–97)
Not provided	23	1,967	0.72 (0.65–0.78)	0.96 (0.93–0.98)	0.91 (0.89–0.93)	18.3 (10.2–32.8)	0.29 (0.23–0.37)	63 (31–127)