Fig. 5.
Effects of LACHI MIX HT and HT treatment on the calcium homeostasis in EDL muscle fibers during aging. a Resting [Ca2+]i measured by FURA-2 fluorescence imaging in single fibers mechanically dissociated from the EDL muscle of adult (n = 5), aged (n = 5), and HT- (n = 5) and LACHI MIX HT-treated rats (n = 5). Each bar is the mean ± SEM from 35–71 fibers. Statistical analysis performed using Student’s t test showed significant differences: *P < 0.05 or less (vs. adult); # P < 0.05 or less (vs. aged). b Caffeine responsiveness determined by evaluating the amplitude of the calcium transient after in vitro application of 40 mM caffeine for each animal group. Each bar represents the mean amplitude ± SEM from four to ten fibers. Statistical analysis performed using Student’s t test showed significant differences: *P < 0.05 or less (vs. adult); # P < 0.05 or less (vs. aged). c Example of traces reproducing the effect of the in vitro application of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxy-phenylhydrazone (FCCP), an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, in the muscle fibers of adult and aged rats. d FCCP responsiveness determined by evaluating the amplitude of the calcium transient after in vitro application of 500 nM FCCP in each animal group. Each bar represents the mean value ± SEM from 5–11 fibers. Statistical analysis performed using Student’s t test showed significant differences: *P < 0.05 or less (vs. adult)