Table 2.

Peak longitudinal velocities and time-to-peak values in the younger and older age groups

LV level and myocardial layer		23 ± 3 years	66 ± 7 years	p value	23 ± 3 years	66 ± 7 years	p value
		Peak systolic longitudinal velocity (cm/s)			Time-to-peak values (% of ES)
LV base	Epicardial	10.7 ± 0.9	7.8 ± 1.0	0.05	26.7 ± 0.6	26.0 ± 1.2	0.61
	Transmural	10.9 ± 0.9	7.9 ± 0.9	0.04	26.6 ± 0.5	25.5 ± 1.1	0.33
	Endocardial	11.0 ± 0.9	8.0 ± 0.9	0.04	26.6 ± 0.5	25.0 ± 0.9	0.12
Mid-ventricle	Epicardial	8.6 ± 0.9	6.0 ± 0.6	0.03	26.3 ± 0.6	25.1 ± 1.2	0.32
	Transmural	8.5 ± 0.8	5.9 ± 0.5	0.02	26.6 ± 0.5	25.7 ± 1.3	0.46
	Endocardial	8.4 ± 0.8	5.8 ± 0.5	0.01	27.2 ± 0.6	25.7 ± 1.3	0.22
LV apex	Epicardial	5.1 ± 0.5	3.9 ± 0.6	0.07	23.2 ± 0.6	25.8 ± 1.5	0.18
	Transmural	4.9 ± 0.5	3.7 ± 0.6	0.08	22.8 ± 0.8	25.8 ± 1.5	0.13
	Endocardial	4.8 ± 0.5	3.5 ± 0.7	0.07	22.5 ± 1.0	25.8 ± 1.5	0.13
		Peak diastolic longitudinal velocity (cm/s)			Time-to-peak values (% of ED)
LV base	Epicardial	−17.7 ± 0.3	−13.6 ± 1.1	<0.01	17.5 ± 1.7	20.9 ± 0.8	0.16
	Transmural	−18.3 ± 0.4	−14.1 ± 1.1	<0.01	17.3 ± 1.6	20.6 ± 0.8	0.17
	Endocardial	−19.0 ± 0.4	−14.7 ± 1.2	<0.01	17.3 ± 1.6	20.1 ± 0.7	0.23
Mid-ventricle	Epicardial	−14.8 ± 0.8	−10.6 ± 0.7	<0.01	19.1 ± 1.3	24.4 ± 0.8	<0.01
	Transmural	−15.2 ± 0.9	−10.7 ± 0.7	<0.01	20.6 ± 1.6	24.4 ± 0.8	0.04
	Endocardial	−15.8 ± 1.1	−10.7 ± 0.7	<0.01	20.4 ± 1.5	24.1 ± 0.8	0.04
LV apex	Epicardial	−9.0 ± 1.3	−7.0 ± 0.6	0.22	14.2 ± 1.0	23.0 ± 2.0	<0.01
	Transmural	−9.1 ± 1.2	−6.9 ± 0.8	0.15	14.2 ± 1.0	23.0 ± 2.0	<0.01
	Endocardial	−9.2 ± 1.2	−6.8 ± 0.7	0.11	13.4 ± 1.1	20.7 ± 2.2	<0.01

All values are presented as mean ± SEM