Table 1.
Demographic and Viral Characteristics for Patients With Integrase Genotypic Resistance Tests, 2009–2012
| Characteristic | All Patients (N = 3012) | Integrase GRT Resultsa |
P Valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major Mutation(s) Present (n = 471) | No Major Mutations (n = 2541) | |||
| Age, y, mean (SD)c | 42.8 (11.2) | 46.2 (9.4) | 42.2 (11.4) | <.001 |
| Sexd | ||||
| Female | 851 (28.6) | 122 (26.5) | 729 (29.0) | .27 |
| Male | 2123 (71.4) | 339 (73.5) | 1784 (71.0) | |
| Regione | ||||
| Northeast | 508 (16.9) | 65 (13.8) | 443 (17.4) | .2 |
| South | 1818 (60.4) | 301 (64.0) | 1517 (59.7) | |
| Midwest | 300 (10.0) | 43 (9.2) | 257 (10.1) | |
| West | 384 (12.8) | 61 (13.0) | 323 (12.7) | |
| Year of testf | ||||
| 2009 | 80 (2.7) | 13 (2.8) | 67 (2.6) | <.001 |
| 2010 | 479 (15.9) | 96 (20.4) | 383 (15.1) | |
| 2011 | 1075 (35.7) | 223 (47.4) | 852 (33.5) | |
| 2012 | 1378 (45.8) | 139 (29.5) | 1239 (48.8) | |
| HIV-1 subtypeg | ||||
| A | 4 (0.13) | 1 (0.2) | 3 (0.1) | … |
| B | 2964 (98.4) | 464 (98.5) | 2500 (98.4) | |
| C | 17 (0.6) | 2 (0.4) | 15 (0.6) | |
| CRF01_AE | 7 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | 6 (0.2) | |
| CRF02_AG | 11 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | 9 (0.4) | |
| D | 3 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | |
| F | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.1) | |
| G | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.1) | |
| >1 integrase GRT sent | 224 (7.4) | 47 (10.0) | 177 (7.0) | .02 |
| Days between serial integrase GRTs, median (IQR)h | 214 (84–317) | 211 (84–317) | 215 (111–389) | .29 |
| Pattern of mutations among patients with >1 integrase GRT sent | ||||
| Major mutations | … | |||
| None | 177/224 (79.0) | 0/47 (0) | 177 (100) | |
| Acquired | 22 (9.8) | 22 (46.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Accumulated | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Lost | 11 (4.9) | 11 (23.4) | 0 (0) | |
| No change over time | 14 (6.3) | 14 (29.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Accessory mutations | ||||
| None | 154 (68.8) | 13/47 (27.7) | 141/177 (79.7) | |
| Acquired | 18 (8.0) | 13 (27.7) | 5 (2.8) | |
| Accumulated | 4 (1.8) | 4 (8.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Lost | 11 (4.9) | 6 (12.8) | 5 (2.8) | |
| No change over time | 37 (16.5) | 11 (23.4) | 26 (14.7) | |
Data are presented as No. (%) of patients unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: GRT, genotypic resistance test; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
a “Major” mutations included T66AIK, E92QV, F121Y, Y143CHR, S147G, Q148HKR, N155H. “Accessory” mutations included H51Y, L68IV, L74M, T97A, E138AK, G140ACS, V151AL, S153F, G163KR, R263K.
b Pearson χ2 and Fisher exact test compared categorical variables; continuous variables were assessed with Student t test.
c n = 2978 (461 with integrase strand transfer inhibitor [INSTI] resistance, 2517 without).
d n = 2974 (461 with INSTI resistance, 2513 without).
e n = 3010 (470 with INSTI resistance, 2540 without); Northeast included Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island; South included Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia; Midwest included Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Wisconsin; West included Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Washington.
f Data were available from 1 January 2009 through 31 December 2012.
g Subtype predicted by the Stanford HIV Database, based on integrase sequence data.
h There were 282 calculated day values overall (62 for patients with INSTI resistance, 220 without).