Table 4.
Lifestyle characteristics and behaviours for individuals living with and without diabetes by gender
| |
|
Individuals without diabetes |
Individuals with diabetes |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Men Mean (95% CI) |
Women Mean (95% CI) |
Men Mean (95% CI) |
Women Mean (95% CI) |
||||||
| Requires assistance when preparing meals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes |
|
(1.4–1.8) |
2.5 |
(2.3–2.7)* |
6.0 |
(4.0–7.9) |
9.2 |
(7.7–10.7) |
| |
No |
98.4 |
(98.2–98.6) |
97.5 |
(97.3–97.7)* |
94.0 |
(92.1–96.0) |
90.8 |
(89.3–92.3) |
| Participation and activity limitation^ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Sometimes or often |
27.5 |
(26.9–28.2) |
30.9 |
(30.3–31.5)* |
50.2 |
(47.6–52.9) |
58.3 |
(55.8–60.9)* |
| |
Never |
72.5 |
(71.9–73.1) |
69.1 |
(68.5–69.7)* |
49.8 |
(47.2–52.4) |
41.7 |
(39.1–44.3)* |
| Working status for the past week |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Had a job, was present last week |
74.6 |
(74.0–75.3) |
61.3 |
(60.6–62.0)* |
48.1 |
(45.1–51.1) |
35.2 |
(32.1–38.4)* |
| |
Had a job, was absent last week |
4.6 |
(4.3–4.9) |
6.3 |
(6.0–6.7)* |
4.4 |
(3.3–5.5) |
3.6 |
(2.5–4.6) § |
| |
Did not have a job last week |
18.8 |
(18.2–19.3) |
30.1 |
(29.5–30.7)* |
38.2 |
(35.0–41.4) |
51.1 |
(48.0–54.2)* |
| |
Permanently unable to find work |
2.0 |
(1.8–2.2) |
2.3 |
(2.1–2.5) |
9.4 |
(7.4–11.3) |
10.1 |
(8.5–11.7) |
| Chooses to avoid foods because concerned about weight|| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes or sometimes |
43.7 |
(42.5–44.9) |
59.8 |
(58.6–61.0)* |
60.1 |
(55.8–64.5) |
65.9 |
(61.4–70.3) |
| |
No |
56.3 |
(55.1–57.5) |
40.2 |
(39.0–41.4)* |
39.9 |
(35.5–44.2) |
34.2 |
(29.7–38.6) |
| Chooses to avoid foods because concerned about heart disease|| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes or sometimes |
38.3 |
(37.0–39.6) |
47.3 |
(46.1–48.4)* |
47.1 |
(42.4–51.8) |
54.4 |
(50.0–58.8) |
| |
No |
61.7 |
(60.4–63.0) |
52.7 |
(51.6–53.9)* |
52.9 |
(48.2–48.2) |
45.6 |
(41.2–50.1) |
| Chooses to avoid foods because concerned about fat content|| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes or sometimes |
62.5 |
(61.2–63.7) |
76.7 |
(75.7–77.7)* |
72.7 |
(68.3–77.0) |
82.6 |
(79.0–86.1)* |
| |
No |
37.5 |
(36.3–38.8) |
23.3 |
(22.3–24.3)* |
27.4 |
(23.0–31.7) |
17.4 |
(13.9–21.0)* |
| Chooses to avoid foods because concerned about cholesterol content|| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes or sometimes |
46.3 |
(45.0–47.6) |
52.4 |
(51.2–53.5)* |
65.4 |
(61.0–69.9) |
66.5 |
(31.8–71.2) |
| |
No |
53.7 |
(52.4–55.0) |
47.7 |
(46.5–48.8)* |
34.6 |
(30.1–39.0) |
33.5 |
(28.9–38.2) |
| Chooses to avoid foods because concerned about caloric content|| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Yes or sometimes |
41.9 |
(40.5–43.2) |
61.6 |
(60.5–62.8)* |
58.1 |
(53.5–62.7) |
70.9 |
(67.0–74.8)* |
| No | 58.1 | (56.8–59.5) | 38.4 | (37.2–39.5)* | 41.9 | (37.3–46.5) | 29.1 | (25.2–33.0)* | |
*Estimates between men and women with and without diabetes are significantly different, based on non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
§This estimate is considered to be of marginal quality because of the high sampling variability associated with it.
||These variables were only asked of respondents residing in Prince Edward Island, Manitoba, Alberta, British Columbia, and the North West Territories.
^Variable was derived from questions asking if the respondent had difficulty hearing, seeing, communicating, walking, climbing stairs, bending, leaning, or if they experience a long-term physical or mental condition or health problem that reduces the amount or the kind of activity.