Fig. 4.

Comparison of membrane conductance for V1 neurons between two brain states. (A) Conductance of an example neuron in synchronized (blue) and desynchronized (red) states measured with 4-Hz gratings (left column) and 8-Hz gratings (right column). The dashed lines denote onset and offset of drifting grating. Top row, total membrane conductance (). was calculated from the spontaneous activity before the onset of drifting grating. Middle row, evoked excitatory synaptic conductance (). Bottom row, evoked inhibitory synaptic conductance (). (B) Increase of conductance in the desynchronized state (n = 7). The evoked conductances were measured by the magnitudes of peak conductances. For cells measured with both 4- and 8-Hz gratings, we averaged the magnitudes measured under the two gratings. Error bars represent SEM. *P < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed rank test.