Table 2. Risk factors for IPD according to serotype.
| Serotype 1 (n = 62) % |
Others (n = 231) % | aOR (95% CI)a |
Serotype 19A (n = 47) % |
Others (n = 246) % | aOR (95%CI)a |
Serotype 3 (n = 37) % |
Others (n = 256) % | aOR (95%CI)a |
Serotype 7F (n = 20) % |
Others (n = 273) % | aOR (95% CI)a |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex-male | 54.8 | 53.7 | 1.23 (0.65 – 2.34) |
59.6 | 52.8 | 1.53 (0.73 – 3.22) |
43.2 | 55.5 | 0.58 (0.28 – 1.21) |
75.0 | 52.4 | 2.53 (0.88 – 7.28) |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| 3–23 mo | 8.1 | 47.6 | Reference | 70.2 | 33.3 | Reference | 43.2 | 38.7 | Reference | 50.0 | 38.5 | Reference |
| 24–59 mo | 91.9 | 52.4 | 7.70 (2.70 – 21.98) |
29.8 | 66.7 | 0.19 (0.09 – 0.41) |
56.8 | 61.3 | 1.11 (0.45 – 2.73) |
50.0 | 61.5 | 0.79 (0.27 – 2.34) |
| Vaccination status | ||||||||||||
| Non vaccinated | 37.1 | 49.4 | Reference | 57.4 | 44.7 | Reference | 24.3 | 50.0 | Reference | 40.0 | 47.3 | Reference |
| Vaccinated | 53.2 | 43.3 | 1.14 (0.57 – 2.31) |
40.4 | 46.3 | 0.61 (0.30 – 1.27) |
73.0 | 41.4 | 4.87 (2.05 – 11.59) |
55.0 | 44.7 | 1.69 (0.64 – 4.51) |
| Day care or school attendance | 93.3 | 78.1 | 3.55 (1.21 – 10.38) |
75.0 | 82.5 | 0.86 (0.35 – 2.12) |
74.3 | 82.3 | 0.42 (0.17 – 1.01) |
75.0 | 81.8 | 0.94 (0.26 – 3.27) |
| Antibiotic treatment | 6.6 | 16.4 | 0.37 (0.12 – 1.16) |
22.7 | 12.8 | 1.96 (0.76 – 5.03) |
11.4 | 14.7 | 0.81 (0.24 – 2.75) |
15.0 | 14.3 | 0.79 (0.20 – 3.12) |
| Respiratory infection | 41.0 | 49.6 | 1.09 (0.46 – 2.90) |
65.1 | 44.6 | 2.26 (1.03 – 4.94) |
37.1 | 49.2 | 0.65 (0.29 – 1.48) |
50.0 | 47.5 | 1.04 (0.38 – 2.85) |
| Breastfeeding | 6.5 | 10.4 | 0.95 (0.28 – 3.14) |
14.9 | 8.5 | 1.24 (0.41 – 3.69) |
8.1 | 9.8 | 0.59 (0.14 – 2.43) |
5.0 | 9.9 | 0.29 (0.03 – 2.50) |
| Exposure to tobacco in home | ||||||||||||
| 0 cigarettes/d | 63.3 | 58.6 | Reference | 72.1 | 57.4 | Reference | 62.9 | 59.2 | Reference | 52.6 | 60.8 | Reference |
| 1–19 cigarettes/d | 13.3 | 10.3 | 1.30 (0.40 – 4.24) |
16.3 | 19.8 | 0.70 (0.27 – 1.81) |
17.1 | 19.6 | 0.83 (0.30 – 2.26) |
26.3 | 18.8 | 1.73 (0.53 – 5.70) |
| ≥ 20 cigarettes/d | 23.3 | 20.5 | 0.77 (0.34 – 1.73) |
11.6 | 22.8 | 0.41 (0.14 – 1.22) |
20.0 | 21.2 | 1.04 (0.40 – 2.71) |
21.1 | 21.1 | 1.29 (0.37 – 4.50) |
| Cohabitants > 4 persons | 23.3 | 24.8 | 1.33 (0.59 – 3.01) |
16.3 | 25.9 | 0.46 (0.18 – 1.20) |
19.4 | 25.2 | 0.76 (0.28 – 2.07) |
35.0 | 23.7 | 1.62 (0.57 – 4.62) |
| Siblings < 5 y | 30.0 | 30.6 | 1.17 (0.58 – 2.35) |
23.3 | 31.8 | 0.65 (0.28 – 1.52) |
30.6 | 30.5 | 0.95 (0.42 – 2.15) |
30.0 | 30.5 | 0.81 (0.29 – 2.25) |
| Social class | ||||||||||||
| I-III | 69.6 | 56.9 | Reference | 56.1 | 60.3 | Reference | 63.6 | 59.0 | Reference | 52.6 | 60.2 | Reference |
| IV-V | 30.4 | 43.1 | 0.76 (0.36 – 1.57) |
43.9 | 39.7 | 1.23 (0.56 – 2.71) |
36.4 | 41.0 | 1.06 (0.47 – 2.39) |
47.4 | 39.8 | 1.34 (0.50 – 3.55) |
| Intensive care unit | 3.2 | 16.9 | 0.13 (0.02 – 1.03) |
19.1 | 13.0 | 0.85 (0.34 – 2.12) |
16.2 | 13.7 | 1.38 (0.50 – 3.82) |
25.0 | 13.2 | 1.68 (0.50 – 5.65) |
| Non-penicillin susceptibleb | 0.0 | 46.0 | — | 60.0 | 25.9 | 1.89 (1.13 – 3.16) |
16.7 | 35.8 | 0.71 (0.22 – 2.38) |
0.0 | 38.1 | — |
| Death | 0.0 | 1.3 | — | 0.0 | 1.2 | — | 0.0 | 1.2 | — | 5.0 | 0.7 | 3.20 (0.20 – 51.19) |
| Risk medical conditions | 0.0 | 1.7 | — | 0.0 | 1.6 | — | 0.0 | 1.6 | — | 0.0 | 1.5 | — |
Notes: aAdjusted for age, vaccination with ≥ 1 dose of PCV7, attending day care or school, antibiotics prescribed within 30 d before the onset of clinical symptoms and previous respiratory infection. bAntibiogram was performed in cases diagnosed by culture (n = 115). Abbreviations: y, year; m, months; d, days; OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease.