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. 2014 Jan 14;9(1):e85144. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085144

Figure 9. The CSD peptide inhibited TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad 2/3 in HAFs.

Figure 9

HAFs were pretreated with the CSD peptide at a concentration of 5 µM or the Scr peptide (5 µM) for 30 min, and subsequently incubated with or without 100 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 48 h. Note that the CSD peptide abrogated the TGF-β1-induced upregulation of phosphorylated Smad 2 and 3. HAFs, human atrial fibroblasts. The CSD peptide, peptides derived from the scaffolding domain of Cav-1. Scr peptide, scrambled peptide. p-Smad2,phosphorylated Smad 2. p-Smad3,phosphorylated Smad 3. t-Smad, the total Smad 2/3. *P<0.05 vs. Control; #P<0.05 vs. TGF-β1; n = 4 per group; measurement in triplicate for each single experiment.