Table 1. Clinical Characteristics at Resection.
| Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mitotic Grade | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Ki67 Grade | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| Cases | 165 | 99 | 8 | 25 | ||||||
| Group Comparisons | P (1 vs. 2) | P (1 vs. 3) | P (1 vs. 4) | P (2 vs. 3) | P (2 vs. 4) | P (3 vs. 4) | ||||
| Age (y), median (range)* | 53 (18-88) | 57 (27-87) | 54 (41-76) | 50 (17-93) | 0.030 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.74 | 0.57 | 0.58 |
| Sex† | ||||||||||
| Male | 77 | 49 | 3 | 12 | 0.70 | 0.73 | 1 | 0.72 | 1 | 0.70 |
| Female | 88 | 50 | 5 | 13 | ||||||
| Overall survival postresection (y), median‡ | 16.7 | 12.0 | 7.4 | 8.4 | < 0.01 | <0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.87 |
| DSS postresection (y), median‡║ | NA§ | 12.9 | 7.4 | 8.6 | < 0.01 | <0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.034 | 0.095 | 0.96 |
| Functional | ||||||||||
| Insulin | 23 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| VIP | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Gastrin | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Glucagon | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Pancreatic polypeptide | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Total, n (%)† | 32/137 (23) | 8/78 (10) | 0/4 (0) | 0/19 (0) | 0.018 | 0.57 | 0.014 | 1 | 0.35 | 1 |
| Syndromic | ||||||||||
| MEN-1 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
| VHL | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| FAP | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Total, n (%)† | 17/129 (13) | 3/78 (3.8) | 0/4 (0) | 1/19 (5.3) | 0.030 | 1 | 0.47 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Location | ||||||||||
| Head/uncinate | 68 | 52 | 3 | 16 | 0.32 | 1 | 0.059 | 0.72 | 0.28 | 0.42 |
| Body/tail | 97 | 58 | 5 | 10 | ||||||
| Focality | ||||||||||
| Unifocal | 145 | 93 | 8 | 23 | 0.14 | 0.60 | 0.74 | 1 | 0.66 | 1 |
| Multifocal | 20 | 6 | 0 | 2 |
*
P-value calculated by paired Wilcoxon test.
†
P-value calculated by Fisher exact test.
‡
P-value calculated by log rank test.
§
Median survival not applicable as >50% of patients were alive or died from unrelated causes at time of study (Fig. 1).
║
From each group, cases were excluded for which the cause of death could not be ascertained: 2 from group 1, 4 from group 2, and 5 from group 4.
DSS indicates disease-specific survival; FAP, familial adenomatous polyposis; MEN-1, multiple endocrine neoplasia-1; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; VHL, von Hippel-Lindau.