Carrier-mediated siRNA delivery, either locally or systemically, is directed to inhibit specific osteoclast signals involved with bone resorption or to augment osteoblast signals that elicit osteogenesis, or both simultaneously in combination therapies (shown at base of figure). Strategies can be used ex vivo in pretreating bone-forming cells to be implanted as cell-based therapies into bone, or in vivo by directed, targeted siRNA delivery to disease sites in the musculoskeletal system.
ASC: Adipocyte-derived stem/stromal progenitor cell; iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cell; MSC: Mesenchymal stromal cell.