Table 3.
Frequency of two MC subsets in human diseases
| Disease | CD14 ++ CD16 - (classical, phagocytic) | CD14 + CD16 + (Non-classical, inflammatory) | Functional changes associated with CD14 ++ CD16 + MC expansion | PMID # |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rheumatoid Arthritis |
No change |
2.2% ↑ |
HLA-DR and CCR5↑ Counts of tender/swollen joints↑ Rheumatoid factors ↑ |
12384915 |
| CAD |
|
2.2% ↑ |
Serum TNFα ↑ |
15269840 |
| CAD |
|
8% ↑ |
Plaque vulnerability↑ |
20684824 |
| Atherosclerosis |
8% ↓ |
8% ↑ |
|
19461894 |
| Hemophagocytic syndrome |
|
31% ↑ |
Serum TNFα & IL-6↑ |
17619880 |
| Crohn’s disease |
|
5.7% ↑ |
|
17260384 |
| Tumor/haematological malignancy | 13.3% ↑ | 10209505 |
Circulating classical (CD14++CD16-, also described as CD14brightCD16-, phagocytic) and non-classical (CD14+ CD16+, also described as CD14brightCD16+, inflammatory) MC counts were examined in human disease as indicated. The percentage change of MC subsets and some functional measurements are recorded. We used PMID # to cite individual manuscripts reporting these studies. MC, monocyte; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary arterial disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HLA-DR, human leukocyte antigen DR (MHC-II, major histocompatibility complex class II); TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; IL-6, interleukin 6; ↑, increase.