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. 2013 Nov 22;3(16):5127–5140. doi: 10.1002/ece3.864

Table A2.

Song traits relative to number of sympatric species, latitude, body mass, and vegetation density of habitats. Results of full and reduced GLMMs paired by species are presented

Rattles Buzzes* Trills* Song duration* Frequency bandwidth Syllable rate* Syllable diversity*


Full model Final model Full model Full model Full model Full model Final model Full model Full model
Same-family sympatric species Inline graphic = 0.45 (0.502) Inline graphic = 0.72 (0.395) Inline graphic = 0.45 (0.502) F1,38 = 0.03 (0.859) F1,38 = 8.18 (0.007) F1,48 = 7.61 (0.008) F1,38 = 0.87 (0.358) F1,38 = 1.74 (0.915)
Latitude Inline graphic = 2.27 (0.132) Inline graphic = 6.94 (0.009) Inline graphic = 0.05 (0.829) Inline graphic = 0.13 (0.716) F1,38 = 0.02 (0.890) F1,38 = 1.08 (0.305) F1,38 = 0.01 (0.920) F1,38 = 0.05 (0.831)
Mass Inline graphic = 1.37 (0.243) Inline graphic = 0.05 (0.825) Inline graphic = 0.253 (0.615) F1,38 = 10.3 (0.003) F1,38 = 1.55 (0.220) F1,38 = 11.4 (0.002) F1,38 = 0.01 (0.946)
Vegetation density Inline graphic = 7.14 (0.028) Inline graphic = 11.2 (0.004) Inline graphic = 1.19 (0.551) Inline graphic = 6.40 (0.041) F1,38 = 1.44 (0.250) F1,38 = 0.51 (0.607) F1,38 = 1.56 (0.223) F1,38 = 0.07 (0.930)

Indicated are χ² or F statistics for each factor or covariate and P-values (significant values in bold).

*

No significant factors or covariates after model selection for these song traits.