Fig. 6.

Altered schistosome-specific immune responses in antibody-treated Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) cells from uninfected or S. mansoni-infected mice, with or without antibody treatment, were restimulated in vitro with soluble egg antigen (SEA) (25 μg/ml) or αCD3 (1 μg/ml) for 72 h. Thereafter, the cytokines (a) interferon (IFN)-γ, (b) interleukin (IL)-10 and (c) IL-13 were measured in the supernatant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bars represent the mean ± standard deviation (s.d.) of individually tested mice from two independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences (*P < 0·05; **P < 0·01).