Table 4. 2012 polyanalgesic algorithm for intrathecal (IT) therapies in nociceptive pain 7.
| Line 1 | Morphine | Hydromorphone | Ziconotide | Fentanyl |
| Line 2 | Morphine + bupivicaine | Ziconotide + opioid | Hydromorphone + bupivicaine | Fentanyl + bupivicaine |
| Line 3 | Opioid + clonidine | Sufentanil | ||
| Line 4 | Opioid + clonidine + bupivicaine | Sufentanil + bupivicaine or clonidine | ||
| Line 5 | Sufentanil + bupivicaine + clonidine |
Note: Line 6- Experimental agents: Gabapentin, Octreotide, Conpeptide, Neostigmine, Adenosine, XEN 2174, AM 336, XEN, ZGX 160 (ongoing experiments in animal models).