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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 26.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Nano. 2013 Oct 9;7(11):9743–9752. doi: 10.1021/nn403085w

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematics of this overall investigation and its chemical conjugation strategies. A) The E2 protein nanoparticle is first covalently combined with CpG activator internally and antigenic peptide (S) externally. The multifunctional particle (CpG-S-E2) is then incubated with immature dendritic cells (iDCs). After entering the acidic endosomal environment, the CpG molecules are released for interaction with Toll-like receptor 9, inducing activation to a mature phenotype (mDC). The co-delivery of CpG and peptide enhance cross-presentation of the associated MHC class I-restricted peptide epitopes to CD8 T cells). B) Conjugation of 5’-aldehyde-terminated CpG to E2’s internal cysteines. C) Conjugation of SIINFEKL peptide to E2’s external lysines.