Table 3.

Unadjusted association of predictors with DWI in the past month and RWI in the past year

Predictor (Wave 1)	DWI in past 30 days (Wave 2)† (n = 820)							RWI in past year (Wave 2) (n = 2,177)
	Yes			No				Yes			No
	n	M	SE	n	M	SE	OR	n	M	SE	n	M	SE	OR
Age, years	93	17.33	0.07	648	17.35	0.04	1.03	453	17.32	0.06	1,539	17.29	0.03	1.15
Mother’s monitoring knowledgea	93	3.36	0.08	652	3.66	0.02	0.27***	453	3.43	0.05	1,550	3.58	0.03	0.59***
Father’s monitoring knowledgea	92	2.88	0.17	652	3.14	0.03	0.71§	452	2.91	0.07	1,548	2.99	0.05	0.92
Parental controlb	93	5.07	0.22	652	5.47	0.07	0.79*	455	5.10	0.07	1,544	5.31	0.06	0.89*
No. of driving days in past 30 days, Wave 2‡	92	26.20	1.22	651	24.23	0.44	1.04	–	–	–	–	–	–	–

Notes: DWI = driving while alcohol/other drug impaired; RWI = riding with alcohol-/other drug–impaired drivers; OR = odds ratio; no. = number.

^†Includes only those who had independent driver’s license (n = 820) in Wave 2;

^‡five participants were excluded because they reported more than 30 days.

^aMother’s and father’s monitoring knowledge was measured with a five-item parental monitoring knowledge scale (scores range from 1 to 4, and higher scores reflect higher levels of parental knowledge) for mothers and fathers;

^bparental control was measured with an eight-item parental control scale (scores range from 1 to 7, and higher scores reflect higher levels of parental control).

^*p ≤ .05;

^**p ≤ .01;

^***p ≤ .001;

^§p > .05 to ≤ .10.