TABLE 3.

Adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality according to absolute phosphorus intake¹

	Model 1	P	Model 2	P
All-cause mortality
Continuous (/1-unit increase in ln[phosphorus intake (mg/d)])
Less than ln(1400 mg/d)	0.78 (0.51, 1.20)	0.2	0.96 (0.64, 1.43)	0.8
Greater than or equal to ln(1400 mg/d)	2.43 (1.12, 5.27)	0.03	2.23 (1.09, 4.55)	0.03
CVD2 mortality
Continuous (/1-unit increase in ln[phosphorus intake (mg/d)])
Less than ln(1400 mg/d)	0.89 (0.42, 1.88)	0.8	0.99 (0.46, 2.14)	1.0
Greater than or equal to ln(1400 mg/d)	1.06 (0.25, 4.46)	0.9	1.02 (0.25, 4.21)	1.0

¹Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate HRs of mortality by absolute phosphorus intake. Absolute phosphorus intake was log-transformed to achieve a more normal distribution and modeled continuously by using linear splines with a knot at ln(1400 mg/d) on the basis of evidence of a nonlinear relation. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, poverty:income ratio, and total energy intake. Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 and for BMI, systolic blood pressure, current and former smoking, physical activity, non–HDL cholesterol, log albumin:creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and low vitamin D concentration.

²CVD, cardiovascular disease.