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Elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ are not reversible after smoking cessation. Protein levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in BALF of nonsmoke mice, smoke-exposed mice, and smoke cessation mice were measured by using ELISA. (a) Protein levels of IL-8 in BALF, (b) protein levels of TNF-α in BALF, (c) protein levels of IFN-γ in BALF. Results are expressed as pg/mL (mean ± SEM). n = 10 animals/group; *P < 0.001.
