Table 1.
Circulating levels of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors in healthy controls and CVD patients.
| Cytokines/Chemokines | Plasma levels (pg/mL)a | Limit of detection (pg/mL) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | CVD patients | ||
| IL-10 | <OOR | <OOR | |
| IL-12 (p40) | <OOR | <OOR | 1.1 |
| IL-13 | <OOR | <OOR | 7.4 |
| IL-15 | <OOR | <OOR | 1.3 |
| IL-17A | <OOR | <OOR | 1.2 |
| IL-1α | <OOR | <OOR | 0.7 |
| IL-1β | <OOR | <OOR | 9.4 |
| IL-2 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.8 |
| IL-3 | <OOR | <OOR | 1.0 |
| IL-4 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.7 |
| IL-5 | <OOR | <OOR | 4.5 |
| IL-6 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.5 |
| TNF-β | <OOR | <OOR | 0.9 |
| MIP-1α | 0 (0.87 ± 2) | 13 (13.7 ± 14.5)** | 1.5 |
| IL-8 | 2.2 (2.8 ± 1.8) | 14.4 (25.8 ± 35.5)* | 2.9 |
| IL-7 | 2.7 (2.9 ± 1.3) | 3.7 (3.5 ± 1.3) | 0.4 |
| IFN-γ | 3.18 (3.7 ± 1.9) | 2.5 (4.4 ± 3.8) | 1.4 |
| IL-12 (p70) | 3.2 (3.8 ± 2) | 3.5 (3.7 ± 1.3) | 0.8 |
| TNF-α | 3.3 (3.8 ± 1.6) | 6.9 (6.8 ± 3.3)** | 0.6 |
| GM-CSF | 4.6 (4.9 ± 1.9) | 5.9 (6.7 ± 3)* | 0.7 |
| IFN-α2 | 9.5 (12 ± 8.3) | 15 (17.7 ± 7.3)* | 7.5 |
| G-CSF | 16.9 (17.9 ± 6.8) | 29.2 (28.1 ± 18.1)§ | 2.9 |
| IL-1RA | 18.3 (20.3 ± 10) | 16.7 (20.2 ± 11.5) | 1.8 |
| MIP-1β | 19.6 (20.2 ± 6.8) | 50 (54.5 ± 35.7)** | 8.3 |
| VEGF | 29.2 (34.8 ± 17) | 64.6 (63.4 ± 33.5)** | 3.0 |
| EGF | 36.6 (40 ± 23.3) | 95.4 (155.5 ± 152.5)* | 26.3 |
| Eotaxin | 48.6 (54.9 ± 26) | 251 (260 ± 211.7)** | 2.8 |
| MCP-1 | 161 (162.5 ± 56) | 224 (276.2 ± 146.5)* | 4.0 |
| CXCL10 | 195 (203.5 ± 67.8) | 244 (312.5 ± 178.9)§ | 1.9 |
| PDGF | 2,770 (5,476 ± 5,027) | 9,369 (17,352 ± 20,163)* | 8.6 |
| RANTES | 10,414 (16,126 ± 15,567) | 45,399 (58,283 ± 59,353)* | 2.2 |
aValues are expressed as median (mean ± SD); <OOR: out (below) of detection range. **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05; § P < 0.06.