LTP inhibition by a combination of 20 mM ethanol and 60 μM acetaldehyde involves activation of NMDARs and 5α-reductase. A, LTP inhibition by 20 mM ethanol plus 60 μM acetaldehyde( blue and white bars) persists long following washout of these two agents. Three successive HFSs delivered at 30 min intervals after washout failed to induce LTP (aqua circles). B, Fifteen min administration of 20 mM ethanol plus 60 μM acetaldehyde inhibits LTP induction 30 min after washout (aqua circles). Co-administration of D-APV (50 μM, pink bar), with ethanol and AcH overcame LTP inhibition (purple diamonds). C, Thirty min administration of 1 μM finasteride (gray bar) also overcomes the inhibitory effects of 20 mM ethanol plus 60 μM acetaldehyde on LTP. Traces depict EPSPs before (dashed lines) and 60 min after HFS (solid lines). Solid lines in color match symbols in the graphs. Scale; 1mV, 5 msec.