Table 3.
Results of the estimated mapping-models
| Parameter | Random effects
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLS 1 β (SE) | GLS 2 β (SE) | Tobit β (SE) | CLAD β (SE) | |
| Age | 0.000259 | 0.000255 | 0.000599 | 0.00198‡ |
| (0.00101) | (0.00102) | (0.00106) | (0.000206) | |
| Female | −0.00263 | −0.00351 | −0.00898 | −0.0165‡ |
| (0.0218) | (0.0220) | (0.0227) | (0.00464) | |
| VAS scores for | ||||
| Mobility | −0.00177† | 0.0000882 | −0.000198 | −0.00227‡ |
| (0.000582) | (0.00128) | (0.00140) | (0.000261) | |
| Self-care | −0.000934 | −0.00204 | −0.00208 | −0.00405‡ |
| (0.000548) | (0.00135) | (0.00146) | (0.000309) | |
| Usual activity | −0.00146‡ | −0.00146 | −0.00204 | 0.000328 |
| (0.000323) | (0.00111) | (0.00121) | (0.000232) | |
| Pain | −0.00158† | −0.00120 | −0.00213 | −0.000580* |
| (0.000543) | (0.00136) | (0.00146) | (0.000274) | |
| Anxiety and depression | −0.00279‡ | 0.000335 | 0.000236 | −0.00280‡ |
| (0.000468) | (0.00118) | (0.00128) | (0.000282) | |
| Squared VAS scores for | ||||
| Mobility | −0.0000255 | −0.0000235 | 0.0000113† | |
| (0.0000163) | (0.0000177) | (0.0000034) | ||
| Self-care | 0.0000165 | 0.0000166 | −0.0000429‡ | |
| (0.0000171) | (0.0000185) | (0.0000030) | ||
| Usual activity | −0.0000008 | 0.0000037 | −0.0000136‡ | |
| (0.0000105) | (0.0000115) | (0.0000022) | ||
| Pain | −0.0000069 | 0.0000049 | 0.0000105* | |
| (0.0000205) | (0.0000222) | (0.0000043) | ||
| Anxiety and depression | −0.0000445† | −0.0000442* | 0.0000105† | |
| (0.0000161) | (0.0000175) | (0.0000038) | ||
| Constant | 0.909‡ | 0.877‡ | 0.892‡ | 0.738‡ |
| (0.0691) | (0.0721) | (0.0753) | (0.0140) | |
| Overall | 0.632 | 0.652 | ||
| R-squared | ||||
| MAE | 0.0857 | 0.0838 | 0.0871 | 0.0818 |
| RMSE | 0.121 | 0.119 | 0.120 | 0.141 |
Notes:
*
P<0.05
†
P<0.01
‡
P<0.001.
Abbreviations: GLS, generalized least squares; CLAD, censored least absolute deviation; SE, standard error; VAS, visual analog scale; MAE, mean absolute error; RMSE, root mean squared error.