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A flowchart of central carbon metabolism emphasizing the EMP pathway and two known glyoxalase systems. The glutathione-independent glyoxalase Glx3 is shown in the shaded box. HTA is the hemithioacetal adduct that spontaneously forms between MG and reduced glutathione, and SDLGSH is the (RS)-lactoylglutathione product of glyoxalase I enzyme. The catalytic actions of glyoxalases are indicated with dashed lines.
