Fig. 6.

Effect of TauCl on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine release from articular adipose tissue (AAT), subcutaneous (ScAT) adipose tissue and synovial membrane (SM) explants. Tissue explants were cultured for 18 h in 37 °C in culture medium alone (control; white bars) or treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) in the absence (black bars) or presence of TauCl (500 μM) (gray bars), then cytokine concentrations in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. Values are the mean and SEM of 35–53 (AAT), 20–25 (ScAT) or 14–24 (SM) experiments. *Indicates statistically significant differences between untreated and treated cultures; ^#Indicates statistically significant differences between LPS− versus LPS+ TauCl-treated cultures; *^,# p < 0.05; **^,## p < 0.01; ***^,### p < 0.001