Table 2.
Characteristic (possible score range) | Cronbach’s α | White (n=839) | Asian (n=299) | Hispanic (n=153) | Black (n=154) | Main Effects# | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD* | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | F | p-value | ||
Weight Status & Age | |||||||
Body Mass Index | n/a | 22.62±3.75†a | 21.58±3.43b | 23.61±4.24c | 25.01±5.04d | 29.07 | <0.001 |
Age (years) | n/a | 19.64±1.40 | 19.54±1.57 | 19.80±1.46 | 19.66±1.24 | 1.17 | 0.320 |
Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire | |||||||
Restraint (0 to 6) | 0.84 | 1.54±1.49ad | 1.07±1.27ac | 1.50±1.44acd | 0.82±1.23b | 19.16 | <0.001 |
Eating Concerns (0 to 6) | 0.79 | 0.95±1.13a | 0.84±1.04a | 0.87±1.05a | 0.63±0.96b | 9.10 | <0.001 |
Weight Concerns (0 to 6) | 0.85 | 2.07±1.63a | 1.86±1.51a | 2.14±1.65a | 1.54±1.49b | 18.16 | <0.001 |
Shape Concerns (0 to 6) | 0.90 | 2.49±1.64a | 2.18±1.56a | 2.63±1.65a | 1.88±1.52b | 18.04 | <0.001 |
Global EDE-Q (0 to 6) | n/a | 1.76±1.33a | 1.49±1.21a | 1.78±1.30a | 1.22±1.15b | 19.15 | <0.001 |
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire | |||||||
Emotional Eating (1 to 4) | 0.84 | 2.24±0.76a | 2.11±0.73a | 2.23±0.81a | 1.95±0.73b | 10.82 | <0.001 |
Disinhibited Eating (1 to 4) | 0.74 | 2.23±0.67a | 2.19±0.69a | 2.18±0.70a | 1.94±0.63b | 10.53 | <0.001 |
Sociocultural Influencers of Media | |||||||
Pressures from Media (1 to 5) | 0.88 | 3.55±0.95ad | 3.19±1.05ac | 3.44±0.96acd | 2.93±1.08b | 29.48 | <0.001 |
Information from Media (1 to 5) | 0.87 | 3.15±0.89a | 3.06±0.96a | 3.01±0.87ab | 2.77±0.98b | 7.71 | <0.001 |
Internalization of Media Messages (1 to 5) | n/a | 3.40±1.12ac | 2.96±1.22abd | 3.20±1.20a | 2.81±1.26b | 18.71 | <0.001 |
Body Image Factors | |||||||
Body Checking & Avoidance (1 to 6) | 0.72 | 3.19±1.38a | 3.01±1.32a | 3.14±1.35a | 2.62±1.36b | 18.07 | <0.001 |
Body Image Distortion (−2 to 2)§ | n/a | −0.13±0.53a | 0.05±0.55b | −0.04±0.52ab | −0.14±0.55a | 12.01 | <0.001 |
Self-Evaluative Salience (1 to 5) | 0.84 | 3.40±0.70a | 3.33±0.74a | 3.25±0.73ac | 3.17±0.78bc | 9.63 | <0.001 |
Motivational Salience (1 to 5) | 0.71 | 3.75±0.64a | 3.58±0.73b | 3.68±0.55ab | 3.70±0.73ab | 5.36 | 0.001 |
Psychological Factors | |||||||
Self-Esteem (1 to 5) | 0.84 | 3.64±0.85a | 3.44±0.89b | 3.77±0.93a | 4.00±0.83c | 21.62 | <0.001 |
Depression (0 to 24) | 0.86 | 5.82±4.60 | 6.34±4.80 | 6.47±5.59 | 5.60±5.14 | 2.48 | 0.060 |
SD=Standard Deviation
Analysis of covariance by race with body mass index as the covariate.
Superscript lowercase letters followed by differing lowercase superscript letters in a row indicated significant differences between racial/ethnic groups using post-hoc tests (Bonferroni procedures).
Defined as perceived body weight score minus actual body weight category (i.e., underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese). Means closer to zero indicate body weight is perceived accurately. Positive values indicate that individuals perceived they were heavier than they actually were whereas negative values indicate that individuals perceived they weighed less than they actually did.