Table 1.
Age-Adjusted Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of the Groups with Dysglycemia/Normal Waist Circumference and High Waist Circumference/No Dysglycemia
| Variable | Dysglycemia /normal WC | High WC/no dysglycemia | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 260 | 679 | |
| Male (%) | 169 (65.0) | 221 (32.5) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 45±14 | 38±11 | <0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes [n (%)] | |||
| One parent with diabetes | 64 (24.6) | 138 (20.3) | 0.152 |
| Both parents with diabetes | 16 (6.2) | 36 (5.3) | 0.075 |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 22.1±2.7 | 25.3±3.3 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm)a | |||
| Male | 82.7±6.1 | 96.6±6.0 | <0.001 |
| Female | 74.4±4.8 | 88.8±7.1 | <0.001 |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg)a | |||
| Systolic | 123±21 | 120±15 | 0.003 |
| Diastolic | 76±11 | 76±10 | 0.883 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)a | 7.3±3.4 | 4.7±0.4 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%)a | 7.4±2.4 | 5.6±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L)a | 4.8±1.1 | 4.8±0.9 | 0.257 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)b | 1.5 | 1.3 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)a | 1.06±0.23 | 1.09±0.23 | 0.007 |
| Carotid intima-medial thickness (mm)a | 0.73±0.18 | 0.71±0.17 | 0.278 |
| Inflammatory markersa | |||
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.3±3.2 (n=95) | 3.0±3.2 (n=147) | 0.484 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 4.4±2.2 (n=41) | 3.4±2.2 (n=76) | 0.017 |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL)a | 6.5±3.0 (n=75) | 7.5±3.8 (n=229) | 0.032 |
| Energy per unit of BMI (Kcal)a | 116±37 | 97±21 | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrate (g)a | 393.3±121.4 | 433.0±97.4 | <0.001 |
| Protein (g)a | 69.7±20.2 | 74.5±16.5 | 0.009 |
| Fat (g)a | 64.7±23.5 | 68.1±18.9 | 0.108 |
| Glycemic loada | 220.1±75.8 | 243.9±63.8 | 0.001 |
| Physical activity [n (%)] | |||
| Sedentary | 205 (78.8) | 578 (85.1) | 0.021 |
| Moderate | 50 (19.2) | 96 (14.1) | 0.054 |
| Heavy | 5 (1.9) | 5 (0.7) | 0.113 |
| Current smokers [n (%)] | 45 (17.3) | 56 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease [n (%)] | 15 (6.3) | 13 (2.0) | 0.001 |
Dysglycemia/normal waist circumference (WC) was defined as a waist measurement of <90 cm for males and<80 cm for females, along with fasting plasma glucose of ≥5.6 mmol/L, 2-h plasma glucose of ≥7.8 mmol/L, or diabetes. High WC/no dysglycemia was defined as a waist measurement of ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for females, along with fasting plasma glucose of <5.6 mmol/L and 2-h plasma glucose of <7.8 mmol/L.
These data are presented as age-adjusted mean±SD values.
Data are presented as geometric mean values.
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.