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Change in species richness across Earth's biomes following anthropogenic disturbances. Response ratios of species richness across all disturbances and for each of the five disturbance types in boreal forest, northern temperate forest, tropical, and aquatic biomes. Values for each disturbance that significantly differ from zero according to the 95% confidence intervals are indicated with an asterisk. The values in parentheses represent the number of responses included in the analysis.
