Table 1. Characteristics at baseline and at cART initiation in 34 elite Controllers (ECs) and 478 chronically viremic (VIRs) patients from the ANRS COPANA Cohort.
| Characteristics | Elite Controllers | COPANA Cohort Study | p |
| Patient recruitment (TreatedECs/TotalECS * ) | |||
| ANRS CO18 cohort | 9/186 | ||
| CASCADE collaboration | 12/140 | ||
| SCOPE cohort | 7/100 | ||
| The International HIV Controllers Study | 6/450 | ||
| Women (%) | 9 (26.5) | 149 (31.2) | 0.57 |
| Route of infection | |||
| Sexual | 19 (55.9) | 409 (85.6) | <0.001 |
| IVDU | 10 (29.4) | 3 (0.6) | |
| Other hematogenous routes (hemophiliacs or transfusions) | 3 (8.8) | 6 (1.3) | |
| Unknown | 2 (5.9) | 60 (12.6) | |
| Sexual preference among men | n = 25 | n = 329 | |
| Heterosexual | 9 (36.0) | 123 (37.4) | <0.001 |
| Men who have sex with men | 8 (32.0) | 204 (62.0) | |
| Unknown | 8 (32.0) | 2 (0.6) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White | 19 (55.9) | 270 (57.1) | <0.001 |
| BSSA/Car/BA** | 4 (11.8) | 192 (40.6) | |
| Other | 3 (8.8) | 11 (2.3) | |
| Unknown | 8 (23.5) | – | |
| Year of HIV diagnosis | 1992 [1986–1999] | 2005 [2004–2006] | <0.001 |
| Age at HIV diagnosis | 29 [25]–[33] | 35 [29–44] | <0.001 |
| HCV and HBV serostatus | |||
| Both positive | 5 (15.0) | 14 (3.0) | |
| HCV+ and HBV− | 5 (15.0) | 8 (2.0) | |
| HCV− and HBV+ | 1 (3.0) | 271 (57.0) | |
| Both negative | 17 (50.0) | 141 (29.0) | |
| At least one of the two | 5 (15.0) | 33 (7.0) | |
| Unknown | 1 (3.0) | 11 (2.0) | |
| AIDS diagnosis before cART initiation | 2 (6.0) | 55 (12.0) | 0.41 |
| Year of cART initiation | 2008 [20006–2010] | 2007 [2005–2008 ) | 0.002 |
| Age at cART initiation | 45 [38–51] | 37 [30–45] | 0.0001 |
| Time frome HIV-1 diagnosis to cART initiation (years) | 16 [9]–[20] | 1 [0–1] | <0.001 |
| Initial cART regimen | |||
| NRTI alone | 2 (5.9) | 17 (3.6) | |
| NRTI+Integrase Inhibitors | 5 (14.7) | – | |
| NRTI+PI | 9 (26.5) | 307 (64.2) | |
| NRTI+NNRTI | 15 (44.1) | 137 (28.7) | |
| Others | 3 (8.8) | 17 (3.5) | |
| Median CD4/mm3 at cART initiation | 268 [212–445] | 255 [161–327] | |
| Mean CD4/mm3 at cART initiation (range) | 348 (95–1249) | 257 (2–998) | 0.02 |
| Median viral load log10 copies/mL at cART initiation | 2.0 [1.7–2.6] | 4.8 [4.2–5.3] | |
| Mean viral load log10 copies/mL at cART initiation (range) | 2.2 (1.3–3.4) | 4.7 (1.6–6.5) | <0.001 |
Data are median [IQR] or n (%);
According to own cohort’s definitions of ECs;
SSA/Car/BA = Sub-Saharan African, Caribbean or African-American origin.