Table 1.
infectious agent/disease | host | type of infectious agent | type of ecosystem | reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
infectious agents influencing different levels of biological integration | ||||
trematode | snail | parasitic castrator | aquatic | [31] |
tapeworm | fish | parasite | aquatic | [32] |
malaria | birds | pathogen | terrestrial | [33] |
CDV+Babesia | lion | pathogen | terrestrial | [45] |
mistletoe | tree | parasite | terrestrial | [52] |
nematomorph parasitoid | crickets | parasitoid | terrestrial | [56] |
toxoplasmosis | sea otter | pathogen | aquatic | [63,64] |
parapoxvirus | squirrels | pathogen | terrestrial | [65] |
fungus | frog | pathogen | terrestrial | [67,68] |
unknown (suspected bacterial) | sea urchin | pathogen | aquatic | [75,76] |
CPV | wolves | pathogen | terrestrial | [78] |
fungus | eucalyptus tree | pathogen | terrestrial | [85] |
rinderpest | wildebeest | pathogen | terrestrial | [88] |
trematode | cockle | trophically transmitted parasite | aquatic | [90,91] |
biological integration influencing infectious agents | ||||
hantavirus | rodent | pathogen | terrestrial | [91,92] |
plague | rodent | pathogen | terrestrial | [98] |
West Nile virus | birds | pathogen | terrestrial | [99] |
Borrelia burgdorferi | rodent | pathogen | terrestrial | [103] |
parasitoid fly | cricket | parasitoid | terrestrial | [111] |
yeast | Daphnia | parasitoid | aquatic | [115] |