Table 4.
Multiple logistic regression models of psychotic-like experiences among Asian respondents.
| Total PLE | Visual hallucinations | Hearing voices | Delusions | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wald χ2, p | OR (95% CI) | Wald χ2, p | OR (95% CI) | Wald χ2, p | OR (95% CI) | Wald χ2, p | OR (95% CI) | |
| Acculturative stress | ||||||||
| 0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 |
| 1 | 3.0, 0.084 | 2.8 (0.8–9.4) | 1.6, 0.203 | 3.3 (0.5–21.5) | 5.4, 0.021 | 13.6 (1.4–132.3) | 0.1, 0.795 | 1.3 (0.2–8.8) |
| 2 | 8.7, 0.003 | 4.9 (1.7–14.6) | 4.6, 0.032 | 4.3 (1.1–16.9) | 11.9, 0.001 | 66.9 (5.7–785.8) | 0.0, 0.969 | 1.0 (0.1–10.6) |
| 3+ | 8.9, 0.003 | 7.2 (1.9–27.2) | 7.7, 0.006 | 9.9 (1.9–53.2) | 9.3, 0.002 | 38.4 (3.4–428.4) | 1.3, 0.258 | 2.5 (0.5–12.7) |
| Linear trend | 11.3, 0.001 | 10.0, 0.002 | 11.3, 0.001 | 0.9, 0.349 | ||||
| Age | ||||||||
| 18–29 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 |
| 30–39 | 1.5, 0.218 | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 1.6, 0.211 | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 4.6, 0.033 | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.6, 0.431 | 2.7 (0.2–33.9) |
| 40–49 | 2.7, 0.102 | 0.4 (0.1–1.2) | 1.4, 0.236 | 0.4 (0.1–1.9) | 11.7, 0.001 | 0.0 (0.0–0.3) | 0.1, 0.819 | 1.4 (0.1–31.9) |
| 50–64 | 1.5, 0.214 | 0.5 (0.1–1.6) | 0.7, 0.329 | 0.5 (0.1–2.8) | 12.0, 0.001 | 0.0 (0.0–0.3) | 0.3, 0.604 | 1.9 (0.2–23.2) |
| Female | 5.7, 0.017 | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 9.4, 0.002 | 0.3 (0.2–0.7) | 1.6, 0.202 | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 1.7, 0.195 | 2.2 (0.6–7.7) |
| Income | ||||||||
| <26,000 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 |
| 26,000 – 64,999 | 0.1, 0.748 | 1.2 (0.4–3.3) | 0.0, 0.914 | 0.9 (0.2–3.6) | 1.5, 0.214 | 2.0 (0.6–6.2) | 0.1, 0.768 | 1.3 (0.2–10.5) |
| >65,000 | 0.9, 0.343 | 0.6 (0.2–1.9) | 2.7, 0.104 | 0.3 (0.1–1.3) | 0.0, 0.982 | 1.0 (0.3–3.8) | 0.0, 0.999 | 1.0 (0.1–7.5) |
| Education | ||||||||
| <12 years | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 |
| 12 years | 2.0, 0.163 | 0.4 (0.1–1.5) | 2.1, 0.143 | 0.2 (0.0–1.8) | 0.3, 0.568 | 0.6 (0.1–3.3) | 0.0, 0.856 | 0.8 (0.0–16.5) |
| 13–15 years | 0.6, 0.434 | 1.5 (0.5–4.0) | 0.0, 0.983 | 1.0 (0.3–2.9) | 0.1, 0.702 | 1.3 (0.3–4.7) | 0.6, 0.444 | 2.7 (0.2–38.6) |
| >16 years | 0.0, 0.943 | 1.0 (0.3–3.0) | 0.1, 0.731 | 0.8 (0.2–3.0) | 2.2, 0.135 | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) | 0.5, 0.494 | 2.4 (0.2–32.2) |
| Age at immigration | ||||||||
| <12 years | 0.1, 0.772 | 0.8 (0.2–3.0) | 0.1, 0.806 | 0.8 (0.1–5.4) | 1.0, 0.312 | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | – | – |
| 13–17 years | 4.3, 0.037 | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) | 4.0, 0.047 | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) | 2.1, 0.143 | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) | – | – |
| 18–64 years | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | – |
| Years in USA | ||||||||
| <10 years | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 |
| 11–20 years | 2.5, 0.117 | 2.5 (0.8–8.3) | 2.7, 0.098 | 3.3 (0.8–13.8) | 3.9, 0.047 | 6.0 (1.0–37.5) | 0.8, 0.373 | 2.4 (0.3–17.6) |
| >20 years | 2.9, 0.089 | 2.9 (0.8–10.4) | 4.4, 0.036 | 5.2 (1.1–25.1) | 1.7, 0.193 | 4.3 (0.4–41.7) | 1.1, 0.300 | 2.9 (0.4–24.3) |
Note: Bold font indicates significance, p < 0.05.