IL-28 activates the NK recognition of B16ova. A and B, B16ova (A) or B16(LIF) (B) were cultured +/− recombinant IL-28 for 24 h and cDNA was screened for expression of NK ligands RAE, H60, and MULT-1. *, signal detected upon additional 20 cycles. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. C, NK cells were cocultured with B16ova (a–i) or B16(LIF) (a’-i’) +/− IL-28 or 48-h conditioned medium from C57Bl/6 bone marrow cells exposed to VSV (MOI, 0.1). Twenty-four hours later, supernatants were assayed for IFN-γ. D, mice (n = 8/group) bearing 4d B16ova s.c. tumors were depleted of NK cells by anti–asialo-GM-1 antibody or mock depleted (control IgG). VSV was injected intratumorally on days 7, 9, and 11. **, P < 0.01.