Table 4.

Brain regions showing main effects of diagnostic group and past substance abuse during both versions of the n-back.

Region	BA	x	y	z	z-Value		Activity pattern
					n-Back version A	n-Back version B	n-Back version A	n-Back version B
MAIN EFFECT OF DIAGNOSTIC GROUP (CONTROL VS. SCHIZOPHRENIA)
L superior temporal gyrus	22	−64	−32	13	2.92	3.66	CON(−) < SCZ	CON(−) < SCZ
L superior parietal lobule	7	−32	−46	62	3.15	3.43	CON < SCZ	CON < SCZ
L cerebellum tonsil	−	−33	−48	−34	2.98	3.63	CON < SCZ	CON < SCZ
L cerebellum pyramis	−	−43	−71	−31	3.26	3.57	CON < SCZ	CON < SCZ
R supramarginal gyrus	40	63	−38	29	2.85	2.92	CON(−) < SCZ	CON(−) < SCZ
MAIN EFFECT OF PAST SUBSTANCE ABUSE (NO VS. YES)
L superior temporal gyrus	22	−63	−17	2	2.73	2.96	NSA(−) < SA	NSA(−) < SA
L middle temporal gyrus	21	−65	−37	−12	3.04	3.71	NSA(−) < SA	NSA(−) < SA
L angular gyrus	39	−49	−61	38	2.80	2.91	NSA(−) < SA	NSA(−) < SA
L posterior cingulate	31	−7	−44	38	2.64	3.28	NSA(−) > SA(−)	NSA(−) > SA(−)

Activity patterns are activations, except when denoted with (−), indicating deactivation. Coordinates (x, y, z) reflect Talairach template space (57). BA, Brodmann area; L, left; R, right; CON, all control participants; SCZ, all schizophrenia patients; NSA, all participants without past substance abuse; SA, all participants with past substance abuse.