Table 5.

Brain regions displaying a significant interaction between diagnostic group and past substance abuse during both versions of the n-back.

Region	BA	x	y	z	z-Value		Activity pattern
					n-Back version A	n-Back version B	n-Back version A		n-Back version B
GROUP (CONTROL VS. SCHIZOPHRENIA) × PAST SUBSTANCE ABUSE (NO VS. YES)
L superior frontal gyrus	8	0	29	53	3.54	4.48	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA
L DLPFC	9	−40	31	27	2.75	3.21	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
L middle frontal gyrus	6	−35	10	54	3.26	2.84	C(−) < CSA	S > SSA(−)	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA
L fusiform gyrus	19	−49	−72	−10	3.04	3.27	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
L insula	13	−40	9	−3	3.03	3.34	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
L insula	13	−41	−7	5	2.80	2.67	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
L ant./mid. cingulate	24	0	-6	36	3.71	3.03	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA(−)	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA
L thalamus	−	−9	−28	−4	2.57	2.77	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
R middle frontal gyrus	10	36	55	3	2.73	3.03	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA	C(−) < CSA	S = SSA
R middle frontal gyrus	6	36	8	58	3.20	2.97	C < CSA	S > SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
R orbitofrontal gyrus	47	41	18	−2	2.68	3.60	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
R precentral gyrus	44	53	13	8	2.82	3.17	C < CSA	S = SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA
R inferior parietal lobule	40	41	−53	54	2.63	3.14	C = CSA	S > SSA	C < CSA	S = SSA

Activity patterns are activations, except when denoted with (−), indicating deactivation. Coordinates (x, y, z) reflect Talairach template space (57). “ =”, represents no significant difference in post hoc analysis; BA, Brodmann area; L, left; R, right; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ant., anterior; mid., middle; C, control participants without past substance abuse; CSA, control participants with past substance abuse; S, schizophrenia patients without past substance abuse; SSA, schizophrenia patients with past substance abuse.