Table 6.
Region | BA | x | y | z | Activity pattern |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON (no past SA) vs. SCZ (no past SA) |
CON (no past SA) vs. SCZ (with and without past SA) |
|||||||
n-Back version A | n-Back version B | n-Back version A | n-Back version B | |||||
L superior frontal gyrus | 8 | 0 | 29 | 53 | C < S*** | C < S*** | C < S+** | C < S+*** |
L DLPFC | 9 | −40 | 31 | 27 | C = S | C = S | C = S+ | C = S+ |
L middle frontal gyrus | 6 | −35 | 10 | 54 | C < S** | C < S* | C = S+ | C = S+ |
L fusiform gyrus | 19 | −49 | −72 | −10 | C < S** | C < S* | C < S+** | C = S+ |
L insula | 13 | −40 | 9 | −3 | C < S** | C < S** | C < S+** | C < S+** |
L insula | 13 | −41 | −7 | 5 | C < S* | C < S* | C < S+** | C < S+*** |
L ant./mid. cingulate | 24 | 0 | −6 | 36 | C < S** | C < S*** | C < S+*** | C < S+*** |
L thalamus | − | −9 | −28 | −4 | C < S*** | C < S* | C < S+** | C < S+* |
R middle frontal gyrus | 10 | 36 | 55 | 3 | C < S** | C < S*** | C < S+** | C < S+* |
R middle frontal gyrus | 6 | 36 | 8 | 58 | C < S** | C < S* | C = S+ | C = S+ |
R orbitofrontal gyrus | 47 | 41 | 18 | −2 | C < S* | C < S** | C = S+ | C < S+** |
R precentral gyrus | 44 | 53 | 13 | 8 | C < S* | C < S* | C < S+* | C < S+*** |
R inferior parietal lobule | 40 | 41 | −53 | 54 | C < S* | C < S* | C = S+ | C = S+ |
Results are from two-sample t-tests. Coordinates (x, y, z) reflect Talairach template space (57). “ =,” represents no significant difference; BA, Brodmann area; L, left; R, right; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ant., anterior; mid., middle; C, control participants without past substance abuse; S, schizophrenia patients without past substance abuse; S+, combined schizophrenia patients with and without past substance abuse; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.