Table 5.
Risk of chronic urticaria in relation to demographic characteristics of patients with celiac disease.
| Subgroup | Observed events (N) | Expected events (N)* | HR; 95% CI | P-value | Absolute risk/100,000 PYAR | Excess risk/100,000 PYAR | Attributable percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||||
| Females | 61 | 30 | 2.03; 1.51–2.72 | <0.001 | 30 | 15 | 51 |
| Males | 18 | 11 | 1.61; 0.96–2.72 | 0.073 | 15 | 6 | 38 |
| Age | |||||||
| 0–19 yrs | 36 | 25 | 1.42; 0.98–2.06 | 0.060 | 25 | 7 | 30 |
| 20–39 yrs | 23 | 7 | 3.14; 1.90–5.17 | <0.001 | 39 | 26 | 68 |
| 40–59 yrs | 17 | 6 | 2.62; 1.48–4.66 | 0.001 | 23 | 14 | 62 |
| ≥60 | 3 | 2 | 1.21; 0.34–4.32 | 0.769 | 7 | 1 | 17 |
| Calendar period | |||||||
| -1989 | 12 | 6 | 1.90; 0.98–3.70 | 0.059 | 14 | 7 | 47 |
| 1990–1999 | 34 | 20 | 1.69; 1.15–2.48 | 0.008 | 21 | 9 | 41 |
| 2000–2008 | 33 | 15 | 2.23; 1.49–3.32 | <0.001 | 42 | 23 | 55 |
HR, Hazard ratio; CI, Confidence interval; PYAR, Person-years at risk.
Reference is general population comparator cohort.
*
Expected number of events in patients with celiac disease was derived from the observed number of events divided by the HR.