Table 1. Characteristics of Included Studies.
Authors | Year | Country | Male/female | Mean age(y) | Scanner | Temporal resolusion(ms) | ECG triggered protocol | NO. of slice | HR(bpm) | Calcium score | Undiagnosis segments | Scheme to evaluate coronary tree | Radiationdose(mSv) |
Leber[41] | 2005 | Germany | … | 64 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 62 | … | 0 | 15 | 10–14 |
Leschka[42] | 2005 | Switzerland | 2.84 | 60 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 66 | … | 0 | 15 | … |
Mollet[43] | 2005 | Netherlands | 1.89 | 58 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 231 | 0 | 16 | 15.2–21.4 |
Pugliese[44] | 2005 | Netherlands | 1.5 | 61 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 0.03 | 17 | 15–20 | |
Raff[45] | 2005 | United States | 3.12 | 59 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 65 | 326 | 0.12 | 15 | 13–18 |
Ehara[46] | 2006 | Japan | 3.06 | 67 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 72 | … | 0.05 | 14 | … |
Ghostine[47] | 2006 | France | 1.54 | 69 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 67 | … | 0.06 | 15 | 7 |
Meijboom[48] | 2006 | Netherlands | 2.33 | 63 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 60 | 214 | … | 17 | 15.2 –21.4 |
Nikolaou[49] | 2006 | Germany | 4.54 | 63 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 61 | … | 0.1 | 15 | 8.8–13.6 |
Plass[50] | 2006 | Switzerland | 3.54 | 66 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 65 | … | 0.03 | 11 | … |
Ropers[51] | 2006 | Germany | 1.63 | 58 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 59 | … | 0.04 | 17 | 7.45–10.24 |
Scheffel[52] | 2006 | Switzerland | 4 | 63.1 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 70.3 | 821 | 0.014 | … | … |
Schuijf[53] | 2006 | Netherlands | 3.29 | 60 | Toshiba | 200 | R | 64 | 60 | 423 | 0.014 | … | … |
Cademartiri[54] | 2007 | Italy | 1.12 | 53.9 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 60.6 | 47.7 | 0.004 | 17 | 15.2–21.4 |
Herzog[55] | 2007 | Germany | 1.12 | 67 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 64 | … | 0.076 | 15 | … |
Herzog[56] | 2007 | Germany | 1.22 | 61 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 72 | … | … | 15 | … |
Heuschmid[57] | 2007 | Germany | 2.64 | 64 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 65 | 779 | 0.046 | 13 | … |
Johnson[58] | 2007 | Germany | 2.18 | 60 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 68 | … | 0.02 | 15 | 4.6–7.8 |
Leber[59] | 2007 | Germany | 1.73 | 58 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | … | … | 13 | 9.6 | |
Meijboom[60] | 2007 | Netherlands | 2.06 | 56.2 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 59 | … | … | 17 | 13.4–17 |
Meijboom[61] | 2007 | Netherlands | 2.59 | 58 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 450 | … | 17 | 15.2–21.4 |
Oncel1[62] | 2007 | Turkey | 3.21 | 56 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | … | 0 | 15 | … |
Ropers[63] | 2007 | Italy | 1.70 | 61 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 64 | … | … | … | 15.3 |
Scheffel[64] | 2007 | Switzerland | 3.17 | 54 | Siemens | 165 | … | 64 | 65.5 | 136 | 0.018 | 15 | 8.8–13.6 |
Schlosser[65] | 2007 | Germany | 1.86 | 62.4 | Siemens | 165 | … | 64 | 57 | … | 0.01 | 15 | … |
Weustink[66] | 2007 | Netherlands | 3.76 | 61 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 68 | … | 0.06 | 17 | 11.1–14.4 |
Achenbach[67] | 2008 | Germany | 0.8 | 65 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 64.5 | … | 0.12 | 17 | 12.6 |
Achenbach[67] | 2008 | Germany | 1.78 | 61 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 64.3 | … | 0.04 | 17 | 14.7 |
Alkadhi[68] | 2008 | Switzerland | 2.19 | 62.9 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 68.5 | 309 | 0.019 | 16 | 7–9 |
Brodoefel[69] | 2008 | Germany | 4 | 62 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 64.9 | 786.5 | 0.098 | 15 | … |
Han[70] | 2008 | Taiwan | … | 59.64 | GE | 175 | R | 64 | … | … | … | 15 | … |
Herzog[71] | 2008 | Switzerland | 1.73 | 58.8 | GE | 175 | P | 64 | 55.7 | … | 0.04 | 16 | 2.1 |
Leschka[72] | 2008 | Switzerland | 0.54 | 64.1 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 63.9 | … | 0.014 | 15 | … |
Leschka[73] | 2008 | Switzerland | 2.077 | 61.9 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 67.7 | 720 | 0.021 | 15 | 7–9 |
Maruyama[74] | 2008 | Japan | 2.73 | 69.1 | GE | 175 | R | 64 | 56.1 | … | 0.045 | 15 | 21.1 |
Maruyama[74] | 2008 | Japan | 1.62 | 69.9 | GE | 175 | P | 64 | 54.6 | … | 0.034 | 15 | 4.3 |
Miller[75] | 2008 | Multi-countries | 2.83 | 59 | Toshiba | 200 | R | 64 | 60 | 80 | … | 19 | 13.8–15.2 |
Pugliese[76] | 2008 | Netherlands | 3.25 | 59 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 440 | 0.026 | 17 | 15–20 |
Pundziute[77] | 2008 | Netherlands | 0.98 | 60 | Toshiba | 200 | R | 64 | … | 216 | … | 17 | … |
Ravipati[78] | 2008 | United States | 1.94 | 66 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | … | … | … | … | … |
Scheffel[79] | 2008 | Switzerland | 1.44 | 68 | Siemens | 83 | P | 64 | 59 | 238 | 0.017 | … | 1.6 |
Stolzmann[80] | 2008 | Switzerland | 0.72 | 65.8 | Siemens | 83 | P | 64 | 60.7 | 316 | 0.04 | 16 | 2.6 |
Dewey[81] | 2009 | Germany | 2.63 | 61 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 59.9 | 384 | 0 | 16 | 4.2 |
Gaudio[82] | 2009 | Italy | 1.68 | 65 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | … | … | … | … | 10.6 |
Herzog[83] | 2009 | Switzerland | 2.23 | 62 | GE | 165 | P | 64 | 55.4 | … | 0.0282 | 16 | 2.1 |
Leschka[84] | 2009 | United States | 4 | 62 | Siemens | 75 | P | 128 | 58 | … | 0.01 | 16 | 0.9 |
Meng[85] | 2009 | China | 1.66 | 63 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | 71.8 | 821 | 0.02 | 15 | … |
Pontone[86] | 2009 | Italy | 7 | 64.8 | GE | 175 | P | 64 | 54.7 | 375 | 0.04 | 15 | 5.7 |
Pontone[86] | 2009 | Italy | 4.33 | 64.3 | GE | 175 | R | 64 | 57.4 | 334 | 0.03 | … | 20.5 |
Reimann[87] | 2009 | Germany | 2.75 | 62 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 62.7 | 707 | 0 | 13 | … |
Rixe[88] | 2009 | Germany | 1.62 | 65 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 68 | 337 | 0.007 | 16 | 13.8–14.3 |
Sheikh[89] | 2009 | Kuwait | 4.62 | 60 | GE | 165 | R | 64 | … | … | … | 13 | … |
Weustink[29] | 2009 | Switzerland | 2.24 | 61.5 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 69.8 | … | … | 17 | 14.2 |
Weustink[29] | 2009 | Switzerland | 2.21 | 61.9 | Siemens | 165 | P | 64 | 68.8 | … | … | 17 | 10.7 |
Alkadhi[33] | 2010 | Switzerland | 3.17 | 62 | Siemens | 75 | P | 128 | 58 | … | 0.014 | 16 | 1.4 |
Alkadhi[33] | 2010 | Switzerland | 2.57 | 63 | Siemens | 75 | P | 128 | 56 | … | 0.011 | 16 | 0.9 |
Andreini[90] | 2010 | Italy | 7.08 | 65.4 | GE | 165 | R | 64 | 61.2 | 479 | … | 15 | 14.3 |
Andreini[90] | 2010 | Italy | 7.08 | 63.3 | GE | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 356 | … | 15 | … |
Cademartiri[91] | 2010 | Italy | 1.13 | 53.6 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 58 | 151 | … | 15 | 15–21 |
Cademartiri[92] | 2010 | Italy | 0.52 | 48 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 59.4 | … | … | 17 | 15–22 |
Carrascosa[93] | 2010 | United States | 1.94 | 62.4 | Philips | 200 | P | 64 | 54.9 | … | 0.021 | 17 | 3.4 |
Chen[94] | 2010 | China | 1.62 | 60.7 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | 86.4 | … | 0.014 | 15 | … |
de Graaf[95] | 2010 | Netherlands | 1.13 | 61 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 60 | 184 | 0.01 | 17 | 3.9–6 |
Donati[96] | 2010 | Switzerland | 4.22 | 64 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | … | 0.005 | 16 | 2.5 | |
Fang[97] | 2010 | China | 1.78 | 59.6 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 88 | … | 0.012 | 15 | … |
Husmann[98] | 2010 | Switzerland | 1.54 | 61 | GE | 175 | P | 64 | 56 | 481 | … | 16 | 2.1 |
Kajander[99] | 2010 | Finland | 1.49 | 63.5 | GE | 175 | R | 64 | … | … | … | 17 | 7.6 |
Nasis[100] | 2010 | Australia | 1.52 | 63.2 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 65 | … | 0.02 | 17 | 5.4 |
Nazeri[101] | 2010 | Iran | 1.68 | 58 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 62 | … | 0 | 15 | … |
Ovrehus[102] | 2010 | Denmark | 1.28 | 61 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | 61 | … | 0.025 | 16 | 8.4 |
Sato[103] | 2010 | Japan. | 2.33 | 67 | Toshiba | 200 | R | 64 | … | … | … | … | … |
Scheffel[104] | 2010 | Switzerland | 2.45 | 56 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | 67.3 | 126 | 0.009 | 16 | … |
Scheffel[105] | 2010 | Switzerland | 3.78 | 64 | Siemens | 83 | P | 64 | 61 | … | 0.014 | 16 | … |
Xu[106] | 2010 | China | 2.23 | 64.6 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 71.4 | … | … | 15 | 16.1 |
Yang[107] | 2010 | China | 3.6 | 62 | Siemens | 83 | … | 64 | 59 | … | … | 15 | … |
Zhang[108] | 2010 | China | 2.65 | 64 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 76 | 136.7 | 0.038 | 15 | 16.51 |
Achenbach[109] | 2011 | Germany | 2.13 | 59 | Siemens | 75 | P | 128 | 71 | … | 0 | … | 0.76 |
Bamberg[110] | 2011 | Multi-countries | … | 68.1 | Siemens | 75 | P | 128 | 72.2 | 0.04 | 17 | 3.1 | |
Gang[111] | 2011 | China | 1.73 | 68 | Toshiba | 175 | R | 320 | 73.7 | 653 | 0.021 | 15 | 12.5 |
Kerl[112] | 2011 | United States | 1.31 | 65 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 66 | … | 0.028 | 15 | … |
Moon[113] | 2011 | Korea | 1.85 | 60.5 | Siemens | 83 | R | 64 | 58.9 | … | 0.02 | 15 | 5.8 |
Stolzmann[114] | 2011 | Switzerland | 1.38 | 68 | Siemens | 83 | P | 64 | 58 | … | 0.016 | 16 | 2.2 |
van Velzen[115] | 2011 | Netherlands | 1.78 | 57 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320/64 | … | … | 0.04 | 17 | 3.2–7.1 |
van Velzen[116] | 2011 | Netherlands | 2.03 | 57 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 58 | 139 | 0.036 | 17 | 6–12 |
Vavere[117] | 2011 | Multi-countries | 3.03 | 61 | Toshiba | 175 | R | 64 | 61 | … | 0.096 | 19 | … |
Xu[118] | 2011 | China | 0.76 | 60.4 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 60.4 | … | 0.03 | 15 | 13 |
Zhang[119] | 2011 | China | … | … | Toshiba | 200 | R | 64 | 60.5 | … | … | 15 | 19.88 |
Zhang[119] | 2011 | China | … | … | Toshiba | 175 | P | 320 | 60.9 | … | … | 15 | 4.27 |
Dharampal[120] | 2012 | Netherlands. | 1.18 | 58 | Siemens | 165 | … | 128 | 66 | 252 | … | 17 | 12 |
Kadokami[121] | 2012 | Japan. | 2.5 | 70 | Toshiba | 200 | … | 640 | 70 | … | … | 15 | 16. |
Kerl[122] | 2012 | Germany | 1.08 | 67 | Siemens | 165 | R | 64 | 64 | … | … | 15 | … |
Maffei[123] | 2012 | Italy | 1.13 | 61.2 | Siemens | 75 | R | 128 | 64.3 | 178 | … | 17 | 8.9 |
Maffei[124] | 2012 | Italy | 1.8 | 59.3 | Siemens | 75 | … | 64 | 58 | 444 | … | 17 | … |
Sohns[125] | 2012 | Germany. | 2.18 | 57 | Siemens | … | R | 64 | 84 | … | 15 | … | |
Uehara[126] | 2012 | … | 2.12 | 64.4 | Toshiba | 175 | … | 320 | 65.2 | 180 | … | 15 | … |
van Velzen[127] | 2012 | Netherlands. | 2.03 | 57 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 64 | 58 | … | 0.04 | 17 | 12.0 |
Gueret[128] | 2013 | France | 2.44 | 61 | GE/Philips | … | … | 64 | 63 | 396 | … | … | 17.2 |
Pelliccia[129] | 2013 | Italy | 1.95 | 61 | Toshiba | 175 | P | 64 | … | … | … | 16 | … |
Note. —ECG = electrocardiographic, R = retrospective, P = prospective, HR = heart rate.