Table 4. LEP system, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression in different tissues of primiparous cows supplemented with or without CLA in a time course of 105 DIM.

Gene	DIM	Treatment	Tissue mRNA abundance (arbitrary unit)
			Omental	Mesenteric	Retroperitoneal	s.c. tail head	s.c. withers	s.c. sternum	Muscle	Mammary	Liver
LEP 1	1	Control	0.43±0.11	0.80±0.27	1.70±0.37	0.87±0.21	1.14±0.34	0.77±0.27	0.18±0.09	0.29±0.15
	42	Control	0.89±0.38	0.67±0.25	1.07±0.38	1.01±0.39	0.73±0.67	1.24±0.60	0.18±0.08	0.35±0.10
	42	CLA	1.67±0.57	0.88±0.30	1.44±0.55	0.92±0.61	1.85±1.10	1.63±0.83	0.71±0.28	0.43±0.17
	105	Control	2.23±1.11	1.33±0.67	3.33±0.65	1.40±0.27	1.69±0.74	0.76±0.15	0.50±0.27	0.15±0.05
	105	CLA	1.38±0.76	0.86±0.26	1.97±0.67	1.16±0.39	1.80±0.54	1.76±0.59	0.34±0.13	0.23±0.10
LEPRB 2	1	Control	1.57±0.41a	0.67±0.19	1.60±1.06ab	0.54±0.14	1.19±0.49	2.42±0.85	0.35±0.05	0.52±0.07a	1.49±0.27
	42	Control	0.41±0.12b	0.67±0.20a	1.35±0.31a	0.42±0.30	0.72±0.32	2.45±1.10	0.71±0.14	0.26±0.11ab	1.29±0.14
	42	CLA	0.51±0.20b	0.79±0.26a	1.57±0.53a	0.22±0.05	1.06±0.21	0.98±0.15	0.70±0.11	0.37±0.03ab	1.98±0.41
	105	Control	0.97±0.67b	0.27±0.11b	0.54±0.17b	0.27±0.10	0.44±0.14	1.14±0.23	0.59±0.10	0.17±0.11b	1.20±0.18
	105	CLA	0.56±0.18b	0.34±0.16b	0.58±0.21b	0.24±0.09	1.06±0.45	2.33±0.84	0.72±0.14	0.28±0.08b	1.37±0.16
TNF-α 3	1	Control	1.14±0.18	0.58±0.10	1.06±0.16	0.65±0.05a	0.58±0.09a	1.08±0.19a	0.72±0.13	1.81±0.33a	0.52±0.06a
	42	Control	1.37±0.40	1.00±0.10	0.92±0.12a	1.27±0.21b	1.37±0.28b	1.45±0.36ab	1.03±0.16	0.81±0.14b	1.12±0.20b
	42	CLA	1.33±0.36	0.72±0.25	1.09±0.17a	1.74±0.63b	1.06±0.22b	1.34±0.23ab	1.08±0.38	0.96±0.12b	1.42±0.11b
	105	Control	0.83±0.27	0.84±0.11	0.64±0.16b	1.03±0.37ab	1.13±0.39ab	2.25±0.53b	0.92±0.12	0.99±0.14b	1.62±0.21b
	105	CLA	1.70±0.43	1.12±0.37	0.69±0.11b	1.15±0.27ab	1.01±0.12ab	1.77±0.39b	0.94±0.12	0.68±0.13b	1.56±0.27b
IL-6 4	1	Control	2.77±1.57	0.85±0.41	1.43±0.36	4.30±2.29a	7.31±2.07a	0.52±0.13	0.85±0.20	0.68±0.14	0.36±0.08a
	42	Control	0.82±0.09	0.68±0.08	0.88±0.31	1.62±0.40ab	2.79±1.38b	0.53±0.13	0.88±0.18	0.83±0.10	0.70±0.10b
	42	CLA	0.74±0.06	0.79±0.31	0.70±0.07	1.38±0.55ab	1.68±0.36b	0.34±0.13	0.86±0.13	0.83±0.19	0.78±0.15b
	105	Control	1.08±0.66	0.36±0.15	0.59±0.15	0.90±0.25b	0.69±0.36b	0.26±0.09	0.76±0.11	0.95±0.14	0.88±0.11b
	105	CLA	3.98±1.37	1.65±0.16	2.13±1.41	3.65±2.53ab	2.22±0.73b	0.55±0.15	0.94±0.14	0.82±0.09	0.73±0.12b

CLA: Lutrell® Pure, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Control: Silafat®, BASF SE.

Significant differences between different days per tissue are defined using different letters. Significant differences (P≤0.05) between CLA and control group within day and tissue are depicted by bold numbers.

Data are normalized based on the geometric mean of Eukariotic translation initiation factor 3 (EIF3K), Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 10 (LRP10), RNA polymerase II (POLR2A), Emerin (EMD), Marvel domain containing 1 (MARVELD1), and Hippocalcin-like 1 (HPCAL1) for each s.c. fat and mesenteric fat depots; EIF3K, LRP10, POLR2A, EMD, and MARVELD1 for omental and retroperitoneal fat depots; HPCAL1, LRP10, POLR2A, EIF3K, Glyceraldehyde-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH) for liver; LRP10, EMD, POLR2A, EIF3K for muscle, and MARVELD1, EMD, LRP10, EIF3K, POLR2A, HPCAL1 for mammary gland tissue.

¹ Leptin. ² Leptin receptor isoform b. ³ Tumor necrosis factor-α. ⁴ Interleukin-6; Means ± SE.