Figure 3. Optimal national control strategies according to the risk-perception and to the respective weights of stakeholders.

Optimal control strategy decided at the national level by a risk-neutral decision-maker (left) or by a risk-averse decision-maker (right), according to the respective weights of stakeholders in decision-making: government (indicator: public costs, constant weight of 1), agro-food industry (indicator: export losses, x-axis), public opinion (indicator: number of slaughtered herds, y-axis). SO: basic stamping-out strategy, PV: protective vaccination, PS: preemptive slaughter, SPV: selective protective vaccination, SPS: selective preemptive slaughter, SPSV: selective preemptive slaughter and protective vaccination, SV: suppressive vaccination.