Table 3.
Characteristics of survey responders and non-responders: the Gestational Diabetes Effects on Moms (GEM) study
| |
All Sample |
Non-responders |
Responders |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 2,320 | N = 526 (22.7%) | N = 1,794 (77.3%) | ||
| Age, years |
|
|
|
0.21 |
| 18–24 |
119 (5.13) |
33 (6.3) |
86 (4.8) |
|
| 25–29 |
536 (23.1) |
114 (21.7) |
422 (23.5) |
|
| 30–34 |
863 (37.2) |
184 (35.0) |
679 (37.9) |
|
| 35–50 |
802 (34.6) |
195 (37.1) |
607 (33.8) |
|
| Race/ethnicity |
|
|
|
0.003 |
| African American |
106 (4.6) |
28 (5.3) |
78 (4.4) |
|
| Asian |
953 (41.1) |
231 (43.9) |
722 (40.3) |
|
| Pacific Islander |
38 (1.6) |
13 (2.5) |
25 (1.4) |
|
| Hispanic |
520 (22.4) |
122 (23.2) |
398 (22.2) |
|
| Non-hispanic white |
580 (25.0) |
105 (20.0) |
475 (26.5) |
|
| Other |
43 (1.9) |
16 (3.0) |
27 (1.5) |
|
| Multiracial/Multiethnic |
75 (3.2) |
11 (2.1) |
64 (3.6) |
|
| Missing |
5 (0.2) |
0 (0.0) |
5 (0.3) |
|
| Parity |
|
|
|
0.88 |
| 0 |
964 (41.6) |
210 (39.9) |
754 (42.0) |
|
| 1 |
769 (33.1) |
158 (30.0) |
611 (34.1) |
|
| 2 |
334 (14.4) |
75 (14.3) |
259 (14.4) |
|
| ≥3 |
208 (9.0) |
46 (8.8) |
162 (9.0) |
|
| Unknown |
45 (1.9) |
37 (7.0) |
8 (0.5) |
|
| Pregravid BMI, kg/m2 |
|
|
|
0.11 |
| <20.0 |
120 (5.2) |
30 (5.7) |
90 (5.0) |
|
| 20.0–24.9 |
667 (28.8) |
163 (31.0) |
504 (28.1) |
|
| 25.0–29.9 |
671 (28.9) |
148 (28.1) |
523 (29.2) |
|
| 30.0–34.9 |
417 (18.0) |
76 (14.5) |
341 (19.0) |
|
| ≥35.0 |
405 (17.5) |
80 (15.2) |
325 (18.1) |
|
| Missing |
40 (1.7) |
29 (5.5) |
11 (0.6) |
|
| Gestational age at GDM diagnosis, weeks |
|
|
|
0.75 |
| 5.6–13.9 |
286 (12.3) |
61 (11.6) |
225 (12.5) |
|
| 14.0–27.9 |
1092 (47.1) |
245 (46.6) |
847 (47.2) |
|
| 28.0–37.3 |
942 (40.6) |
220 (41.8) |
722 (40.3) |
|
| 100-g, 3-h OGTT glucose levels, mg/dl |
Mean (SD) |
Mean (SD) |
Mean (SD) |
|
| Fasting |
91.3 (12.5) |
90.4 (12.0) |
91.6 (12.6) |
0.05 |
| 1-hour |
198.7 (25.2) |
200.4 (25.0) |
198.2 (25.3) |
0.08 |
| 2-hour |
176.9 (26.6) |
178.1 (27.8) |
176.5 (26.2) |
0.24 |
| 3-hour |
129.2 (32.9) |
130.0 (34.1) |
128.9 (32.5) |
0.53 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
114.3 (13.0) |
114.1 (13.5) |
114.3 (12.9) |
0.69 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 68.1 (9.3) | 68.0 (9.6) | 68.1 (9.2) | 0.90 |
GDM = gestational diabetes mellitus.
BMI = Body mass index.
OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test.