Distribution characteristics of mortality in under 5s and of studied variables that potentially can explain variations between countries (n=193), 2000 and 2009
| Characteristics | Mean | Centiles | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25% | 50% | 75% | ||
| Variable of interest | ||||
| Death in under 5s per 1000 live births | 49 | 10 | 25 | 79 |
| Demographic and socioeconomic factors | ||||
| GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (current international $): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 11 571 | 1968 | 5863 | 16 282 |
| Lag 2 | 10 505 | 1778 | 5215 | 14 388 |
| Lag 4 | 9476 | 1644 | 4629 | 12 900 |
| People with access to improved water sources (%): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 84 | 77 | 92 | 99 |
| Lag 2 | 83 | 75 | 91 | 99 |
| Lag 4 | 82 | 72 | 90 | 99 |
| People with access to improved sanitation facilities (%): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 69 | 45 | 82 | 97 |
| Lag 2 | 69 | 43 | 81 | 97 |
| Lag 4 | 68 | 40 | 80 | 97 |
| Mean No of years in school for women of reproductive age (15-45 years): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 11 |
| Lag 2 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 11 |
| Lag 4 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 11 |
| Percentage of urban population: | ||||
| Lag 0 | 54 | 34 | 54 | 73 |
| Lag 2 | 53 | 33 | 53 | 73 |
| Lag 4 | 53 | 33 | 53 | 72 |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1000 women aged 15-19): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 57 | 19 | 43 | 83 |
| Lag 2 | 59 | 20 | 45 | 86 |
| Lag 4 | 61 | 21 | 47 | 90 |
| Health and medical factors | ||||
| Public health expenditure per capita based on purchasing power parity (current $): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 541 | 44 | 190 | 617 |
| Lag 2 | 479 | 39 | 166 | 526 |
| Lag 4 | 429 | 33 | 141 | 479 |
| HIV prevalence (%): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Lag 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Lag 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population): | ||||
| Lag 0 | 15 | 5 | 8 | 21 |
| Lag 2 | 16 | 5 | 8 | 23 |
| Lag 4 | 16 | 5 | 9 | 24 |
| Political and societal factors | ||||
| Perceived level of corruption*: | ||||
| Lag 0 | −0.08 | −0.82 | −0.34 | 0.46 |
| Lag 2 | −0.08 | −0.84 | −0.32 | 0.49 |
| Lag 4 | −0.07 | −0.85 | −0.31 | 0.53 |
| Perceived level of democracy†: | ||||
| Lag 0 | −0.07 | −0.90 | −0.09 | 0.85 |
| Lag 2 | −0.07 | −0.89 | −0.10 | 0.85 |
| Lag 4 | −0.07 | −0.86 | −0.12 | 0.86 |
| Perceived level of violence‡: | ||||
| Lag 0 | −0.09 | −0.78 | 0.01 | 0.77 |
| Lag 2 | −0.10 | −0.81 | −0.01 | 0.77 |
| Lag 4 | −0.11 | −0.81 | −0.04 | 0.76 |
GDP=gross domestic product.
Lags effects: immediate (lag 0), short term (lag 2), and medium term (lag 4) effects.
*World governance indicator on control of corruption.
†World governance indicator on voice and accountability.
‡World governance indicator on political stability and absence of violence and terrorism.