Dietary intake and factors impact bone turnover and bone cell survival via common signal transduction pathways. BMP, bone morphogenic protein; E2, 17β-estradiol; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; NEFA, nonesterified free fatty acids; Nox, NADPH oxidase; OB, osteoblast; OC, osteoclast; OJ, orange juice; OPG, osteoprotegrin; ROS, reactive oxygen species.