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. 2014 Jan 13;21(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-3

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Copyright © 2014 Hsieh et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Devices used to carry out in vitro studies to examine the influence of flow (shear stress) on ECs. (A) Parallel-plate flow chamber. In a parallel-plate flow chamber system ECs monolayers are exposed to well-defined flow and thus shear stress (denoted by τ) in a small channel with fixed height. (B) Cone-and-plate flow chamber. In a cone-and-plate flow chamber system ECs monolayers are exposed to shear stress (τ) generated by a rotating cone. The magnitude of shear stress can be calculated using the respective formula shown in A and B.