Table 2.
Relation between hospital characteristics and median time to readmission after index admission to hospital for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, or pneumonia
| Hospital characteristic | Coefficient for change in median time to readmission in days (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Heart failure | Acute myocardial infarction | Pneumonia | |
| 30 day risk standardized readmission rate* | −0.15 (−0.19 to −0.10) | 0.03 (−0.05 to 0.11) | −0.23 (−0.29 to −0.17) |
| Annual hospital volume† | 0.01 (−0.03 to 0.05) | −0.11 (−0.17 to −0.05) | 0.07 (0.02 to 0.12) |
| % Medicaid‡ | −0.06 (−0.12 to 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.13 to 0.10) | −0.07 (−0.16 to 0.01) |
| % African-American§ | 0.11 (0.06 to 0.17) | 0.04 (−0.07 to 0.14) | 0.03 (−0.04 to 0.10) |
| Rural hospital¶ | 0.10 (−0.14 to 0.34) | −0.25 (−1.00 to 0.50) | 0.24 (−0.00 to 0.48) |
| Critical access hospital | −0.07 (−0.36 to 0.21) | 0.45 (−1.02 to 1.92) | 0.29 (0.01 to 0.56) |
| Teaching hospital** | −0.09 (−0.21 to 0.03) | −0.22 (−0.40 to −0.03) | −0.15 (−0.30 to −0.01) |
| Safety net hospital†† | 0.07 (−0.15 to 0.29) | 0.05 (−0.32 to 0.42) | 0.22 (−0.06 to 0.49) |
| Publicly owned hospital‡‡ | −0.05 (−0.32 to 0.22) | −0.08 (−0.55 to 0.40) | −0.32 (−0.66 to 0.02) |
| Not for profit hospital§§ | −0.02 (−0.36 to 0.21) | 0.19 (−0.08 to 0.45) | −0.13 (−0.32 to 0.05) |
*Over three years. Coefficient for change for every SD increase in rate. For example, for heart failure readmission cohort, when rate increased by 1 SD, hospital median time to readmission decreased by 0.148 days.
†Total No of admissions for index condition 2007-09 divided by 3. Coefficient for change for every increase in annual volume for index condition by 1 SD.
‡Proportion of patients with Medicaid health insurance cared for by facility as defined with 2008 American Hospital Association data. Coefficient for change for every 1 SD increase in proportion of hospital patients that have Medicaid health insurance.
§Proportion of African-American patients cared for by facility in 2007-09. Coefficient for change every 1 SD increase in proportion of African-American hospital patients.
¶Rural v urban.
**Teaching v non-teaching hospitals
††Safety net hospitals in US provide care for high proportion of uninsured, underinsured, or Medicaid patients; we have defined safety net hospitals as public or private hospitals with annual Medicaid caseload >1 SD above their respective state’s mean private hospital Medicaid caseload.
‡‡Publicly v privately owned hospitals.
§§Not for profit v privately owned hospitals.