Figure 2.
Metformin Extending Effects on C. elegans Lifespan Require Live Bacteria
(A) Metformin shortens lifespan of C. elegans cultured axenically (i.e., in the absence of E. coli).
(B) Metformin shortens lifespan of C. elegans cultured on UV-irradiated E. coli (OP50).
(C) Metformin pretreatment of bacteria is sufficient to extend lifespan.
(D) Metformin extends lifespan in the absence of E. coli proliferation (blocked by carbenicillin).
(E) Metformin extends lifespan in the presence of the less pathogenic bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
(F) Retardation of bacterial growth by metformin, monitored over an 18 hr period.
(G) Biguanide drugs cause altered bacterial lawn morphology.
(H) Bacterial viability is reduced by carbenicillin and UV treatment, but not metformin.
(I) Metformin extends lifespan in the presence of multi-antibiotic resistant E. coli OP50-R26.