Table 3.
Crude and adjusted odds ratios for risk of psychosis after exposure to death in nuclear family during prenatal and postnatal periods (n=1 045 336). Total exposed n=31 535; total unexposed n=1 013 801
| Psychoses by exposure status | No of cases | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio* (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| All psychoses: | |||
| Unexposed | 4879 | 1 (Reference) | — |
| Any time | 282 | 1.87 (1. 65 to 2.10) | 1.44 (1.27 to 1.63) |
| Any prenatal | 19 | 1.38 (0.88 to 2.18) | 1.29 (0.82 to 2.02) |
| Any postnatal | 263 | 1.91 (1.69 to 2.17) | 1.45 (1.28 to 1.65) |
| Preconception | 12 | 1.10 (0.62 to 1.93) | 1.05 (0.59 to 1.85) |
| First trimester | — | — | — |
| Second trimester | — | — | — |
| Third trimester | — | — | — |
| 0-2.9 years | 56 | 2.26 (1.73 to 2.94) | 1.84 (1.41 to 2.41) |
| 3-6.9 years | 76 | 1.86 (1.48 to .234) | 1.47 (1.16 to 1.85) |
| 7-12.9 years | 131 | 1.83 (1.53 to 2.17) | 1.32 (1.10 to 1.58) |
| Non-affective psychosis: | |||
| Unexposed | 3763 | 1 (Reference) | — |
| Any time | 212 | 1.82 (1.58 to 2.09) | 1.36 (1.18 to 1.57) |
| Any prenatal | 15 | 1.42 (0.85 to 2.36) | 1.30 (0.78 to 2.17) |
| Any postnatal | 197 | 1.86 (1.61 to 2.14) | 1.36 (1.17 to 1.58) |
| Preconception | 10 | 1.18 (0.64 to 2.20) | 1.13 (0.61 to 2.10) |
| First trimester | - | — | — |
| Second trimester | - | — | — |
| Third trimester | - | — | — |
| 0-2.9 years | 43 | 2.25 (1.66 to 3.04) | 1.82 (1.33 to 2.47) |
| 3-6.9 years | 58 | 1.84 (1.42 to 2.39) | 1.46 (1.12 to 1.90) |
| 7-12.9 years | 96 | 1.73 (1.41 to 2.12) | 1.22 (1.00 to 1.50) |
| Affective psychosis: | |||
| Unexposed | 1521 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Any time | 102 | 2.16 (1.77 to 2.64) | 1.80 (1.47 to 2.21) |
| Any prenatal | 8 | 1.87 (0.93 to 3.75) | 1.77 (0.88 to 3.55) |
| Any postnatal | 94 | 2.19 (1.78 to 2.70) | 1.80 (1.46 to 2.23) |
| Preconception | 5 | 1.46 (0.61 to 3.53) | 1.40 (0.58 to 3.38) |
| First trimester | 0 | — | — |
| Second trimester | — | — | — |
| Third trimester | — | — | — |
| 0-2.9 years | 20 | 2.58 (1.66 to 4.01) | 2.28 (1.46 to 3.55) |
| 3-6.9 years | 26 | 2.04 (1.38 to 3.00) | 1.75 (1.19 to 2.59) |
| 7-12.9 years | 48 | 2.14 (1.61 to 2.85) | 1.68 (1.25 to 2.25) |
*Generated by logistic regression; adjusted for sex, year of birth, country of birth, presence or absence of siblings, any psychiatric illness in family, urban birth, highest education of parents, receipt of welfare, and maternal and paternal age.
†General population reference group (people without the diagnosis being considered).