Table 1.

Proportion of neurons recorded in macaque premotor cortex (area F5) and posterior parietal cortex that showed mirror neuron properties.

Reference	Recording area	No. neurons	No. mirror	% mirror	1Action specificity	Observed effector
Bonini et al.[5]	F5	154	36	23.4%	y	Hand
Caggiano et al.[6]	F5	299	149	49.8%	n	Hand
Caggiano et al.[8]	F5	219	105	48%	n	Hand
Caggiano et al.[7]	F5	224	123	54.9%	n	Hand (video)
Caggiano et al.[9]	F5	785	247	31.5%	n	Hand (video)
Ferrari et al.[11]	F5	485	130	26.8%	y	Mouth
Ferrari et al.[12]	F5	209	52	24.9%	y	Hand
Gallese et al.[2]	F5	532	92	17.3%	y	Hand
Kohler et al.[16]2	F5	497	63	12.7%	y	Auditory
Kraskov et al.[17]	F5	64	31	48.4%	y	Hand (PTNs)
di Pellegrino et al.[1]	F5	184	18	9.8%	y	Hand
Rizzolatti et al.[18]	F5	300	60	20%	y	Hand
Rochat et al.[19]	F5	282	92	32.6%	y	Hand
Umilta et al.[23]	F5	220	103	46.8%	y	Hand
Bonini et al.[5]	IPL	120	28	23.3%	y	Hand
Fogassi et al.[13]	IPL	165	41	24.8%	y	Hand
Rozzi et al.[20]	IPL	423	51	12%	y	Hand
Shepherd et al.[21]	LIP	153	30	19.6%	n	Eye-gaze
Dushanova and Donoghue [10]	M1	303	105	34.6%	y	Reaching
Tkach et al.[22]	M1	829	581	70.1%	y	Tracking arm
Vigneswaran et al.[24]	M1	132	77	58.3%	n	Hand (PTNs)
Tkach et al.[22]	PMd	128	77	60.1%	y	Tracking arm
Ishida et al.[14]	VIP	541	48	8.9%	y	Bimodal tactile/visual
Fujii et al.[27]	PM3	148	_	3–14%4	n	Hand
	IPS5	148	-	10–42%4	n

¹This column indicates if mirror neurons were tested for any form of action specificity.

²These data were further analysed by Keysers et al. [15].

³Including area F5.

⁴See text.

⁵Included anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS). PTN, pyramidal tract neuron.