Table 1.

Overview of early Xpert MTB/RIF test placement and TB case finding strategy in nine countries

Country	WHO Country classifications	Placement	Number of GeneXpert machines		Case finding approach
			2-Module	4-Module
Bangladesh	HBC, HDR	Two urban private diagnostic laboratories	2		Systematic screening of all attendees
Cambodia	HBC	Both machines used at one-day mobile camps set up at primary care facilities		2	Active with promotion of testing days in community
DR Congo	HBC, HDR, HTH	One primary care center, one sub-district hospital, five district hospitals and one provincial laboratory.	7	1	Primarily passive but with employed community groups to refer people with suspected TB
Kenya	HBC, HTH	Two district hospitals and one health center.		3	Mixed, employed community cough workers to augment numbers of people tested
		All had ART delivery
Malawi	HTH	One central hospital, four district hospitals, one health center in a district with no district hospital, one mission hospital and one community hospital.		8	Passive
Moldova	HDR	17 in public facilities at lowest level for TB diagnosis, two in regional AIDS centers, two in the national reference laboratory, two in the regional reference laboratory, and two in the penitentiary sector	16	9	Passive
Mozambique	HBC, HTH	Four district hospitals		4	Passive
Nepal	HBC	Four regional hospitals (two public and two private), one district hospital, two primary health centers, one private referral center, and one reference laboratory	3	6	Primarily passive with some awareness raising/and educational activities to improve numbers of people tested
Pakistan	HBC, HDR	Four urban private diagnostic laboratories	4		Systematic screening of all attendees

HBC = High Burden Country, HDR = High MDR-TB Burden Country, HTH = High TB/HIV Burden Country.