Table 2B.
Comparison of Cytokine Levels Between BE Patients and Controls and Relative Risk of BE in White Men only (n=209).
| Cases (n=122) | Controls (n=87) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN-γ | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.41 (0.23–0.69) | 0.41 (0.24–0.70) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-0.1800) | 24 (19.7%) | 12 (13.8%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (0.1800–0.3113) | 16 (13.1%) | 14 (16.1%) | 0.57 (0.21–1.55) | 0.38 (0.11–1.30) |
| Q 3 (0.3113–0.4698) | 29 (23.8%) | 21 (24.1%) | 0.69 (0.28–1.69) | 0.78 (0.26–2.33) |
| Q 4 (0.4698–0.7906) | 30 (24.6%) | 23 (26.5%) | 0.65 (0.27–1.57) | 0.54 (0.18–1.58) |
| Q 5 (0.7906-Highest) | 23 (18.8%) | 17 (19.5%) | 0.68 (0.27–1.72) | 0.47 (0.15–1.46) |
| p Values* | 0.57 | 0.84 | ||
| IL-10 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 1.08 (0.52–1.97) | 6.52 (0.81–15.24) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-0.5541) | 32 (26.2%) | 9 (10.3%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (0.5541–0.9910) | 25 (20.5%) | 18 (20.7%) | 0.39 (0.15–1.02) | 0.570 (0.19–1.70) |
| Q 3 (0.9910–1.7926) | 31 (25.4%) | 11 (12.6%) | 0.79 (0.29–2.18) | 1.285 (0.40–4.12) |
| Q 4 (1.7926–10.1456) | 21 (17.2%) | 15 (17.2%) | 0.39 (0.15–1.06) | 0.62 (0.20–1.95) |
| Q 5 (10.1456-Highest) | 13 (10.7%) | 34 (39.1%) | 0.11 (0.04–0.29) | 0.13 (0.04–0.40) |
| p Values* | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| IL-12 p70 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 1.09 (0.33–3.52) | 0.53 (0.30–1.08) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-0.2557) | 22 (18.1%) | 20 (23.0%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (0.2557–0.5393) | 21 (17.2%) | 24 (27.6%) | 0.80 (0.34–1.85) | 0.99 (0.35–2.83) |
| Q 3 (0.5393–1.2830) | 25 (20.5%) | 24 (27.6%) | 0.95 (0.42–2.16) | 1.33 (0.48–3.70) |
| Q 4 (1.2830–4.7748) | 27 (22.1%) | 10 (11.5%) | 2.46 (0.95–6.32) | 4.21 (1.33–13.26) |
| Q 5 (4.7748-Highest) | 27 (22.1%) | 9 (10.3%) | 2.73 (1.04–7.18) | 4.00 (1.24–12.90) |
| p Values* | 0.003 | 0.02 | ||
| IL-1 β | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.08 (0.01–0.21) | 0.14# (0.10–0.27) | ||
| None detected | 42 (34.5%) | 1 (1.1%) | Ref | Ref |
| Below median | 33 (27.0%) | 48 (55.2%) | 0.02 (0.00–0.13) | 0.01 (0.00–0.12) |
| At or above median | 47 (38.5%) | 38 (43.7%) | 0.03 (0.00–0.22) | 0.02 (0.00–0.19) |
| p Values* | 0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| IL-6 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.98 (0.55–1.77) | 0.87 (0.51–1.67) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-0.5407) | 29 (23.8%) | 25 (28.7%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (0.5407–0.8446) | 20 (16.4%) | 16 (18.4%) | 1.08 (0.46–2.52) | 1.15 (0.47–2.82) |
| Q 3 (0.8446–1.2860) | 30 (24.6%) | 18 (20.7%) | 1.44 (0.65–3.17) | 1.45 (0.65–3.26) |
| Q 4 (1.2860–2.2980) | 22 (18.0%) | 12 (13.8%) | 1.58 (0.65–3.82) | 1.29 (0.56–3.00) |
| Q 5 (2.2980-Highest) | 21 (17.2%) | 16 (18.4%) | 1.13 (0.49–2.63) | 2.67 (1.05–6.74) |
| p Values* | 0.47 | 0.820 | ||
| IL-8 | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 3.16 (2.05–4.50) | 2.16# (1.47–3.19) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-1.9126) | 28 (23.0%) | 36 (41.4%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (1.9126–2.8590) | 22 (18.0%) | 23 (26.4%) | 1.23 (0.57–2.64) | 1.74 (0.69–4.38) |
| Q 3 (2.8590–4.3168) | 34 (27.9%) | 15 (17.2%) | 2.91 (1.33–6.38) | 3.65 (1.37–9.72) |
| Q 4 (4.3168–7.0980) | 26 (21.3%) | 7 (8.1%) | 4.78 (1.81–12.59) | 5.38 (1.74–16.66) |
| Q 5 (7.0980-Highest) | 12 (9.8%) | 6 (6.9%) | 2.57 (0.86–7.71) | 2.83 (0.76–10.51) |
| p Values* | <0.001 | 0.003 | ||
| TNF-α | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 5.01 (3.43–7.15) | 7.05 (2.49–8.91) | ||
| Q 1 (Lowest-3.2150) | 29 (23.8%) | 30 (34.5%) | Ref | Ref |
| Q 2 (3.2150–5.0911) | 33 (27.0%) | 7 (8.0%) | 4.88 (1.86–12.76) | 6.92 (2.12–22.67) |
| Q 3 (5.0911–6.9340) | 25 (20.5%) | 6 (6.9%) | 4.31 (1.54–12.04) | 8.93 (2.44–32.78) |
| Q 4 (6.9340–8.9145) | 18 (14.8%) | 22 (25.3%) | 0.85 (0.38–1.89) | 1.01 (0.38–2.66) |
| Q 5 (8.9145-Highest) | 17 (13.9%) | 22 (25.3%) | 0.80 (0.36–1.80) | 1.25 (0.46–3.34) |
| p Values* | 0.26 | <0.001 |
Median levels for all biomarkers are shown in pg/mL.
*
Goodness-of-fit to marginal frequencies was tested by χ2; p values were calculated using Kendall’s tau-b (p for trend) for the unadjusted analyses and logistic-regression models, adjusting for age, sex, race, waist-hip ratio, current use of proton pump inhibitors, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and H. pylori for the adjusted analyses.
#
indicates a p value <0.05 using the Mann-Whitney U statistic.
IFN-γ = interferon; IL = interleukin;TNF-α – tumor-necrosing factor alpha