Figure 5. At the high dose, KFD-p24 3D induced much less of a systemic inflammatory response after intra-nasal administration than did KF-p24. C57BL/6 mice were treated intranasally with 250 μg of p24, KFD-p24 3D or KF-p24 in 25 μl PBS. (A) Template showing the location of cytokine antibodies spotted in duplicate onto the RayBio mouse cytokine antibody array III.⁵¹ (B) Representative photographs of cytokine arrays using pooled serum samples. Circles designating differentially expressed cytokines are labeled gray in panel B. (C) Fold-changes in levels of proteins were significantly increased compared with the p24 control treatment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM for duplicate spots. (D) IL-6 and (E) KC in serum after administration. (F) Fold-changes in levels of serum transaminase were evaluated 24 h post-administration and compared with the control group (250 μg p24). Data are presented as the means ± SEM from one experiment that was repeated three times (n = 6 per group).