Table 2. Baseline characteristics of nondisabled participants in the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology-Longitudinal Study on Aging (TMIG-LISA) in 1994 (n = 513)^a .

		Men			Women
	Age group	67–69	70–74	75+	67–69	70–74	75+
Body mass index ​ (kg/m2)	n	72	85	57	96	104	69
	Mean	22.2	21.7	21.9	23.4	23.4	22.9
	(SD)	(2.8)	(2.8)	(2.9)	(3.7)	(3.8)	(3.0)
	Range	16.8–29.6	15.7–32.0	17.4–28.8	15.0–32.3	15.8–35.1	16.0–29.3
Chronic medical ​ conditionb	n	78	88	63	98	111	74
	% present	9.0	10.2	6.4	12.2	9.0	13.5
Complaint of pain	n	79	88	63	98	111	74
	% yes	53.2	47.7	52.4	67.4	80.2	68.9
History of ​ hospitalization during ​ the past year	n	79	88	63	98	111	74
	% yes	2.5	4.6	11.1	10.2	14.4	14.9
Depressive ​ symptomatology	n	77	88	63	98	110	74
	% present	24.7	23.9	28.6	25.5	33.6	25.7
Intellectual activity	n	79	88	63	98	111	74
	% poor	44.3	35.2	38.1	41.8	55.9	54.1
Current alcohol ​ consumption	n	79	88	63	98	111	74
	% yes	63.3	69.3	54.0	24.5	16.2	21.6
Current smoking habit	n	79	88	63	98	111	74
	% yes	39.2	39.8	30.2	1.0	0.9	0.0
Serum albumin (g/L)	n	72	85	57	94	104	69
	Mean	41.0	40.7	40.0	42.2	41.8	41.6
	(SD)	(2.3)	(2.3)	(1.9)	(2.2)	(2.3)	(2.4)
	Range	34–47	34–47	35–44	34–47	37–47	32–48
Hand-grip strength (kg)	n	72	85	56	95	103	69
	Mean	34.4	33.4	30.8	23.2	22.2	19.9
	(SD)	(6.7)	(5.7)	(5.4)	(4.0)	(4.3)	(5.4)
	Range	9–47	20–51	19–42	11–32	12–32	5–31
Fast walking speed ​ (m/sec)	n	71	84	55	94	102	68
	Mean	2.08	2.00	1.85	1.82	1.61	1.48
	(SD)	(0.41)	(0.42)	(0.35)	(0.32)	(0.34)	(0.42)
	Range	1.19–3.13	0.29–2.94	1.19–2.78	0.61–2.50	0.63–2.78	0.38–2.63

^aThe cohort comprised participants who were independent in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living in the 1994 survey and participated in the survey conducted through organized gatherings at municipal community centers.

^bDefined as a history of hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease.

SD = standard deviation.