Table 2. Comparison between adjuvant chemotherapy group and no adjuvant chemotherapy group in each cohort.
|
Entire cohort (N=439) |
Cohort aged <70 years (n=261) |
Cohort aged ⩾70 years (n=178) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Adjuvant chemotherapy (n=187) |
No adjuvant chemotherapy (n=251) |
|
Adjuvant chemotherapy (n=134) |
No adjuvant chemotherapy (n=126) |
|
Adjuvant chemotherapy (n=53) |
No adjuvant chemotherapy (n=125) |
|
| Variables | n (%) | n (%) | P-valuea | n (%) | n (%) | P-valuea | n (%) | n (%) | P-valuea |
| Mean age, years |
63.4 |
67.8 |
<0.0001 |
59.22 |
59.88 |
0.504 |
73.87 |
75.77 |
<0.001 |
|
Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 107 (57.2) | 122 (48.6) | 0.08 | 79 (59.0) | 71 (56.4) | 0.671 | 28 (52.8) | 51 (40.8) | 0.140 |
| Female |
80 (42.8) |
129 (51.4) |
|
55 (41.0) |
55 (43.7) |
|
25 (47.2) |
74 (59.2) |
|
|
Stage | |||||||||
| 1A | 1 (0.5) | 9 (3.7) | 0.04 | 1 (0.8) | 6 (4.8) | 0.013 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.5) | 0.013 |
| 1B | 7 (3.8) | 14 (5.7) | 4 (3.0) | 14 (11.3) | 3 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| 2A | 41 (22.2) | 73 (29.7) | 28 (21.1) | 27 (21.8) | 13 (24.5) | 46 (37.7) | |||
| 2B |
136 (73.5) |
150 (61.0) |
|
99 (74.4) |
77 (62.1) |
|
37 (69.8) |
73 (59.8) |
|
|
Differentiation | |||||||||
| Well | 10 (7.2) | 23 (9.8) | 0.72 | 6 (6.0) | 10 (8.6) | 0.738 | 4 (10.3) | 13 (11.1) | 0.888 |
| Moderate | 90 (64.7) | 148 (63.2) | 64 (64.0) | 75 (64.1) | 26 (66.7) | 73 (62.4) | |||
| Poor |
39 (28.1) |
63 (26.9) |
|
30 (30.0) |
32 (27.4) |
|
9 (23.1) |
31 (26.5) |
|
|
Tumour location | |||||||||
| Head | 159 (88.8) | 209 (83.9) | 0.16 | 116 (89.2) | 106 (85.5) | 0.368 | 43 (87.8) | 103 (82.4) | 0.387 |
| Body/tail |
20 (11.2) |
40 (16.1) |
|
14 (10.8) |
18 (14.5) |
|
6 (12.2) |
22 (17.6) |
|
|
Tumour size (mm) | |||||||||
| ⩽20 | 44 (23.7) | 59 (23.6) | 0.99 | 34 (25.6) | 28 (22.4) | 0.552 | 10 (18.9) | 31 (24.8) | 0.390 |
| >20 |
142 (76.3) |
191 (76.4) |
|
99 (74.4) |
97 (77.6) |
|
43 (81.1) |
94 (75.2) |
|
|
Margins (0 mm) | |||||||||
| Clear | 112 (59.9) | 159 (63.3) | 0.49 | 79 (59.0) | 77 (61.1) | 0.723 | 33 (62.3) | 82 (65.6) | 0.670 |
| Involved |
75 (40.1) |
92 (36.7) |
|
55 (41.0) |
49 (38.9) |
|
20 (37.7) |
43 (34.4) |
|
|
Lymph nodes | |||||||||
| Negative | 49 (26.3) | 95 (38.6) | 0.008 | 33 (24.8) | 45 (36.6) | 0.041 | 16 (30.2) | 50 (40.7) | 0.188 |
| Positive |
137 (73.7) |
151 (61.3) |
|
100 (75.2) |
78 (63.4) |
|
37 (69.8) |
73 (59.4) |
|
|
Perineural invasion | |||||||||
| Negative | 32 (17.4) | 70 (28.3) | 0.008 | 21 (15.9) | 35 (28.2) | 0.017 | 11 (21.2) | 35 (28.5) | 0.316 |
| Positive |
152 (83.5) |
177 (71.7) |
|
111 (84.1) |
89 (71.8) |
|
41 (78.9) |
88 (71.5) |
|
|
Vascular invasion | |||||||||
| Negative | 88 (47.8) | 136 (55.5) | 0.12 | 57 (43.2) | 63 (51.6) | 0.177 | 31 (59.6) | 73 (59.4) | 0.974 |
| Positive |
96 (52.2) |
109 (44.4) |
|
75 (56.8) |
59 (48.4) |
|
21 (40.4) |
50 (40.7) |
|
|
Palliative chemotherapy | |||||||||
| No palliative | 137 (73.3) | 177 (70.5) | 0.528 | 91 (67.9) | 81 (64.3) | 0.537 | 46 (86.8) | 96 (76.8) | 0.129 |
| Palliative |
50 (26.7) |
74 (29.5) |
|
43 (32.1) |
45 (35.7) |
|
7 (13.2) |
29 (23.2) |
|
|
Radiotherapy | |||||||||
| No adjuvant | 169 (90.9) | 247 (98.4) | <0.00001 | 119 (88.8) | 124 (98.4) | 0.022 | 50 (96.2) | 123 (98.4) | 0.012 |
| Adjuvant |
17 (9.1) |
4 (1.6) |
|
15 (11.2) |
2 (1.6) |
|
2 (3.9) |
2 (1.6) |
|
|
Outcome | |||||||||
| Pancreatic cancer death | 112 (59.8) | 206 (82.1) | <0.0001 | 83 (61.9) | 99 (78.6) | 0.003 | 29 (54.7) | 107 (85.6) | <0.0001 |
| Death – other causes | 8 (4.3) | 21 (8.4) | 5 (3.7) | 11 (8.7) | 3 (5.7) | 10 (8.0) | |||
| Alive |
67 (35.8) |
24 (9.6) |
|
46 (34.3) |
16 (12.7) |
|
21 (39.6) |
8 (6.4) |
|
| Median overall survival (months) | 22.1 | 15.8 | <0.0001 | 22.5 | 17.5 | 0.085 | 21.8 | 13.1 | 0.003 |
a
Comparison of variables between adjuvant chemotherapy and no adjuvant chemotherapy within each cohort.